The choice of injected dose of 18 F -FDG and acquisition time is important in obtaining consistently high-quality PET images. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal acquisition protocols based on patient weight for 3-dimensional lutetium oxyorthosilicate PET/CT. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of 76 patients ranging from 29 to101 kg who were injected with 228-395.2 MBq of 18 F -FDG for PET imaging. The study population was divided into 4 weight-based groups: less than 45 kg (group 1), 45-59 kg (group 2), 60-74 kg (group 3), and 75 kg or more (group 4). We measured the true coincidence rate, random coincidence rate, noise-equivalent counting rate (NECR), and random fraction and evaluated image quality by the coefficient of variance (COV) in the largest liver slices. Results: The true coincidence rate, random coincidence rate, and NECR significantly increased with increasing injected dose per kilogram (r = 0.91, 0.83, and 0.90; all P < 0.01). NECR maximized at10.11 MB/kg in underweight patients. The true coincidence rate differed significantly among the 4 groups, except for group 3 versus group 4 (P < 0.01). The ratio of the true coincidence rate for group 2 to groups 3 and 4 was 1.4 and 1.6, respectively. The average random fraction for all 4 groups was approximately 35%.The COV of the 4 groups differed for all pairs (P< 0.01). The COVs in overweight patients were larger than those in underweight patients, and image quality in overweight patients was poor. Conclusion: We modified acquisition protocols for 18 F -FDG PET/CT according to the characteristics of a 3-dimensional lutetium orthosilicate PET scanner

We determined that the optimal reconstruction parameter for OSEM(RRSCAC) was 90 update numbers with 6.6 mm FWHM of the Gaussian filter. Our results suggested that the optimal reconstruction parameters have a potential to improve the performance and the image quality of (123)I-FP-CIT SPECT in comparison with the FBP reconstruction.

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We have demonstrated that a high-resolution image reconstruction algorithm for brain F-FDG-PET is promising without the use of a GF because of high true coincidence counts and that combined with PSF and TOF is optimal for obtaining a better SNR of the image.