Tuberculosis is creating immense adverse social and economic burden in Bangladesh. Tuberculous Meningitis results from the haematogenous spread of primary or postprimary pulmonary disease or from the rupture of a subependymal tubercle into the subarachnoid space. Infection of the CNS is one of the most devastating clinical manifestations of tuberculosis This study aimed to see the presentation of tuberculous meningitis patients in tertiary level hospital of Bangladesh. This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, SSMC, Dhaka from June 2011 to July 2012. In the present study, thirty meningitis patients were enrolled, among the subjects 11.7 % were aged below 20 years, 53.3% were aged between 20 - 39 years, 16.7% were aged between 40 - 49 years and 18.3% were aged above 50 years. Regarding sex 56.7% were male and 43.3% were female. Most prevalent symptom was fever (91.7%). Among others, headache (70%), altered consciousness (45%), vomiting (43.3%) and neck stiffness (28.9%) were notable. The distribution of the study subjects by physical sign 55.0% had anemia, 95.0% had neck rigidity, 10.0% had cranial nerve palsy, 46.7% had kernig's sign and 20.0% had long tract sign. Regarding GCS score 10.0 % had GCS score less than 8, 18.3 % had between 9 – 12 and 71.7% had over> 12.The Laboratory finding among the study subjects 3.3% showed positive gram stain and 43.7% showed MT over 10 mm. In response to treatment 93.3% responded to anti TB out of 30 TBM subjects. This study demonstrated that presentation of tubercular meningitis is different in different patient.TBM is the severe form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis occurring in 7.0- 12.0% of TB patients in developing countries with high rate of mortality due to delay in diagnosis and proper treatment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v25i1.16069 Medicine Today 2013 Vol.25(1): 32-35

Background and objectives: Migraine is now ranked as number 19 among all diseases causing disability by WHO1 which is characterized by recurrent attacks of various combinations of headache and neurological, gastrointestinal and autonomic symptoms2 accompanied by photophobia, phonophobia and vomiting3. The treatment of migraine involves acute, preventive drugs and non-pharmacological strategies. The basic principle in management of migraine is avoiding the trigger factors, blocking the mediators and splinting the end organ4. Though there is no significant curable treatment but there are some internationally proven and well accepted prophylactic medication which reduces headache severity, frequency, duration and risk for rebound5. Sodium valproate and pizotifen are commonest of them6, where sodium valproate is more effective than pizotifen in the prophylaxis of migraine patients. Methods: This study was a single blind randomized clinical trial carried out in the neurology outpatient department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka (BSMMU) for the period of 2 years, among adult patients between the age of 16-50 years. Results: A total of 120 patients were included & divided into two groups such as group-A(60 patients) treated by sodium valproate & group-B(60 patients) treated by pizotifen for a period of 6 months and followed up every two months for 3 times and showed sodium valproate is more effective than pizotifen. Conclusion: This study permit to conclude that efficacy of sodium valproate is more than pizotifen in the prophylaxis of migraine patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v28i2.17174 Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2012; Vol. 28 (2): 81-87

Background: Headache may occur due to different pathological condition in eye, brain or nasal cavity. Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the pattern of headache patients in Eye OPD. Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out in the OPD of eye in the Sadar Hospital of Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh which was conducted from October 2014 to April 2015 for a period of seven (7) months. Here data of headache patients were collected from hospital record book with patterns of headache. Then total data were tabulated on age, sex, pattern of headache and chief complains. Result: The total study showed that out of 2206 patients 308(13.96%) patient came in Eye OPD. Among the headache patients, female were more (65%). Headache patients were more in 11 to 20 years (37.66%) age group and then 21 to 30 years (21.1%). However patients were less below 10 years (7.46%) with male and female nearly equal numbers. Above 10 years, female patients are more than male. In this study, we found migraine headache (69%) which included both purely migraine headache and mixed type headache comprising both migraine and tension, to be much more than non migraine headache (31%). Besides most headache patients (45.12%) complains of not only of headache also of dimness of vision, redness of eye, watering, nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: This study shows that a significant number of patients are suffering from headache. Its prevalence is more among female and young age group. [Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2016;2(2): [75][76][77][78]

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