Background World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is the best nutrition for the neonate. Still, it remains a big challenge to establish EBF not only in Bangladesh but also in any developing countries. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and practices on EBF and its relationship between different socioeconomic and demographic factors among mothers having at least one child of aged 6-12 months in the rural area of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh. Methodology A community clinic (CC) based study has been conducted by using semi-structured questionnaire. A total of 513 mothers having at least one child aged 6-12 months from 32 different CC in the rural area of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh during September to December 2015. A composite index, chi-square test, and logistic regression model were utilized in this study. Results The prevalence of knowledge and practices on EBF were 34.5% and 27.9% among mothers having at least one child aged 6-12 months. From the analyses, mothers age of �21 years were (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 13.840, 95% CI: 7.394-25.904; p<0.001) times more likely to have knowledge on EBF and (AOR = 0.084, 95% CI: 0.050-0.143; p<0.05) times less likely to have practices of EBF compared to mother's age �20 years. Service holders

No abstract

No abstract

Coordinated power demand management at residential or domestic levels allows energy participants to efficiently manage load profiles, increase energy efficiency and reduce operational cost. In this paper, a hierarchical coordination framework to optimally manage domestic load using photovoltaic (PV) units, battery-energy-storage-systems (BESs) and electric vehicles (EVs) is presented. The bidirectional power flow of EV with vehicle to grid (V2G) operation manages real-time domestic load profile and takes appropriate coordinated action using its controller when necessary. The proposed system has been applied to a real power distribution network and tested with real load patterns and load dynamics. This also includes various test scenarios and prosumer's preferences e.g., with or without EVs, number of EV owners, number of households, and prosumer's daily activities. This is a combined hybrid system for hierarchical coordination that consists of PV units, BES systems and EVs. The system performance was analyzed with different commercial EV types with charging/ discharging constraints and the result shows that the domestic load demand on the distribution grid during the peak period has been reduced significantly. In the end, this proposed system's performance was compared with the prediction-based test techniques and the financial benefits were estimated.INDEX TERMS Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), coordinated operation, cost reduction, domestic load management, electric vehicle (EV), energy management, moving average (MA). NOMENCLATURE ψ EV max Maximum state of charge level. ψ EV min Minimum state of charge level.EV th EV's SOC threshold limit. EV t,χCharging or discharging state/mode of an EV.The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Chandan Kumar . P PV + tot maximum power available from PV units. τ p Peak load. τ b Base load. ĈBES E Cost of the energy supplied by the battery storage system. µ DoD Depth of discharge.

No abstract