C hromosomal abnormalities occur in approximately 8% of fertilized ova but only 0.6% of liveborn infants. The syndromes caused by chromosomal abnormalities include trisomy 21, trisomy 13, trisomy 18, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, as well as chromosomal duplications, deletions, and inversions [1]. Fida et al. in 2007 reported that congenital anomalies occur in 3% of all infants worldwide including structural malformation, chromosomal abnormalities, and metabolic disorders [2]. Chromosomal abnormalities can be either inherited from a parent (e.g., translocation) or can develop spontaneously. Hence, chromosomal studies are performed on both the parents and the child with the abnormality. Advances in molecular biology and cytogenetic techniques permit the identification of many diverse types of genomic variants, which contribute to human disease, phenotypic variation, and karyotypic evolution [3]. Nearly 60% of congenital anomalies are of unknown origin. Genetic congenital anomalies, such as chromosomal abnormalities, have a vast research while those of environmental etiology caused by teratogens, are the least investigated [4]. In addition to genetic causes for congenital anomalies, factors such as infectious agents and environmental agents like radiation lead to chromosomal aberrations [5]. The maternal factors including age, lifestyle, type of pregnancy and maternal health, have also been researched and connected to the occurrence of congenital anomalies [6]. Primary prevention seeks to ensure that the individuals are born free of congenital anomalies. Services for the primary prevention of congenital malformations include basic reproductive health-care approach [7]. Cytogenetic techniques can diagnose chromosomal abnormalities and investigate the possible etiology of birth defects. It is important to know the clinical data of chromosomal abnormalities to explore the corresponding relationship between the observational characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype and the environment [8]. Although congenital anomalies contribute to a significant proportion of perinatal and infant morbidity and mortality, approximately 50% of them are not assigned to a specific cause [9]. However,