There are several reviews that separately cover different aspects of fish gelatin including its preparation, characteristics, modifications, and applications. Its packaging application in food industry is extensively covered but other applications are not covered or covered alongside with those of collagen. This review is comprehensive, specific to fish gelatin/hydrolysate and cites recent research. It covers cosmetic applications, intrinsic activities, and biomedical applications in wound dressing and wound healing, gene therapy, tissue engineering, implants, and bone substitutes. It also covers its pharmaceutical applications including manufacturing of capsules, coating of microparticles/oils, coating of tablets, stabilization of emulsions and drug delivery (microspheres, nanospheres, scaffolds, microneedles, and hydrogels). The main outcomes are that fish gelatin is immunologically safe, protects from the possibility of transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and foot and mouth diseases, has an economic and environmental benefits, and may be suitable for those that practice religious-based food restrictions, i.e., people of Muslim, Jewish and Hindu faiths. It has unique rheological properties, making it more suitable for certain applications than mammalian gelatins. It can be easily modified to enhance its mechanical properties. However, extensive research is still needed to characterize gelatin hydrolysates, elucidate the Structure Activity Relationship (SAR), and formulate them into dosage forms. Additionally, expansion into cosmetic applications and drug delivery is needed.

Sensitive, simple, and fast LC-MS/MS method for the determination of Scopolamine in human plasma was developed and validated. Liquid-Liquid extraction technique was used for sample preparation. Cyano bonded phase column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) was used for the separation with an isocratic elution of ammonium format buffer:methanol (60:40) mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 ml.min-1 over 3.8 min run time. Scopolamine and [13C,2H3]-Scopolamine, as internal standard, were detected and quantified in positive ion mode via MRM at m/z 304/138 and m/z 308/142, respectively. The developed method was validated according to FDA and EMA guidelines. The standard calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 3.03–315.76 pg.ml-1 (r2 = 0.999). The intra-day and inter-day precision was in the range 1.28–10.46% and accuracy 96.89–110.53%. The recovery of analyte and IS was 78.63% and 76.21%, respectively. Scopolamine in plasma was stable at benchtop (short term) for 18 h, in autosampler tray for 43 h, in instrumentation room for 43 h (post-preparative), after 4 freeze-thaw cycles (−70 °C), and 3 days in the freezer (−70 °C). The validated method was successfully applied to a bioequivalence study of scopolamine transdermal patch of 1 mg for 3 days for 16 healthy Jordanian volunteers.

A sensitive, simple, and fast LC-MS/MS method of analysis was developed and validated for the determination of piribedil in human plasma. Piribedil was extracted by protein precipitation using acetonitrile and separated on C18 Phenomenex Gemini column (150 × 4.6mm, 5 µm) using isocratic elution of 75% of ammonium acetate buffer (10 mM) and 25% acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1 ml.min-1 over 5 min run time. Piribedil and d8-Piribedil, as internal standard, were detected and quantified in positive ion mode via MRM at m/z 299/135 and 307/135 for piribedil and d8–piribedil, respectively. The suggested method for piribedil was validated according to FDA and EMA guidelines. The standard calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 3.4–5952 pg.ml-1. The intra-day precision was 2.45–9.94% and accuracy 92.78–99.97%. The inter-day precision was 2.14–5.47% and accuracy 95.73–101.99%. The recovery of analyte and IS was 96.94% and 111.18%, respectively. piribedil in plasma was stable at benchtop (short term) for 24 h, in autosampler tray for 48 h, in instrumentation room for 24 h (post-preparative), after 5 freeze-thaw cycles (–70 °C), and 11 days in the freezer (–70 °C). The validated method was successfully applied to a bioequivalence study of piribedil formulations involving 15 healthy Jordanian volunteers.