The research included isolation and diagnosis of 19 bacterial isolate from 10 samples (minced meat and meat mincer), as 15 isolates belonging to the Micrococcaceae were diagnosed including 8 Staphylococcus spp. Isolates depending on the phenotypic properties and biochemical test, and in order to investigate the bacterial ability of the Micrococcaceae family to the formation of biofilms, two methods are used, the tube method and the Congo red agar method, as the results showed that all of the 15 isolates possess the ability to form biofilms as 100% depending on The tube method compared to the results of the Congo red agar test, which gave 13 positive result of 15 isolates in ratio 86.6% of the Micrococceae family. The highest rate of biofilm formation attributed to the Staphylococcus spp. which it gives 8 positive result for both tests as 100%. When comparing the adhesiveness of Staphylococcus spp. on the surface of the aluminum and stainless steel coupons as the materials used in the manufacture of meat mincers, our results showed that the adhesion and formation of biofilms were high on the surface of the aluminum coupons compared to the stainless steel coupons in the turbidity test using sonication and when investigating the total number of bacteria attached to the aluminum and steel coupons after exposing them to sonication, it was found that the number of units forming colonies CFU / cm 2 for the aluminum coupons is 97 × 10 6 , while it was found that CFU / cm 2 of stainless steel coupons is 172 x 10 5 , which enhances the turbidity comparison results.

The Enterobacteriaceae family is considered one of the medically essential families in which there is a continuous change in classification, and new species are added to it. In this study, we obtained a novel strain registered in the NCBI under Enterobacteriaceae bacterium strain PRL 4-2, with the accession number MW540823, and the isolate considered unclassified Enterobacteriaceae. The isolate was obtained from dishwashers, which is a mine for many new species and strains due to the unique environmental conditions of this habitat, fluctuation in temperature, use of high temperatures, utilization of cleaning materials as well as humidity and the presence of organic materials, especially in case of neglect of cleaning. The isolate was characterized by its slow growth on culture media and its ability to form biofilms and possess some virulence factors. Its resistance to antibiotics was also studied, as it showed resistance to the antibiotics used in this study. The oddness for this strain is that it showed a different diagnosis when using VITEK (The VITEK 2 system has everything healthcare laboratories need for fast, accurate microbial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing.) compared to diagnosis using 16S rRNA. As for the taxonomic tree, the closest species was Enterobacter sp. Strain 188. This study supplements a few other studies of this novel species, isolated from different environments. These researches can be integrated to give an itinerary for other studies on the new species and their different capabilities. Keywords. Enterobacteriaceae bacterium, dishwasher, Enterobacteriaceae bacterium PRL-2, Enterobacter sp., biofilm.

Swabs from dishwasher samples were collected and cultured on different media, and then a gram stain was conducted on pure colonies to find whether they were Gram-positive or negative. 32-gram negative Isolates were obtained from the dishwasher; then, we chose isolates under study depending on morphological features on previous media for further investigation. 32 Gram-negative isolates were obtained from a dishwasher, and three isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were diagnosed by some phenotypic characteristics and approved by using 16 SrRNA partial sequencing analyses. The 3 isolates deposited in the NCBI database under accession number OK 254156.1 for K.pneumoniae strain NPK 323, OK 247423.1 for K. pneumonia as strain CUMB SAM-61, and OK245427.1 for K. pneumonia strain PD17. The phylogenetic tree for 3 isolates was done by using MEGA II software. Many experiments have been conducted on two isolates (OK 247423.1 and OK245427.1 ) because the OK 254156.1 strain was lost during laboratory work and repeated cultures. A hemolysis test on blood agar and a lipase test on egg–yolk agar were done; both isolates showed negative results for hemolysis blood and producing lipase enzyme, while both isolates showed their ability to produce lecithinase enzyme. The two isolates gave an excellent result in the tube method for the biofilm formation test. Also, a good candidate production test was obtained for these two isolates using L.B. acetate agar medium. Conclusion: Bacterial species differ according to the environments in which they live, as the species that are isolated from clinical sources and possess many virulence factors that make them more dangerous and pathogenic to humans differ about the same species if isolated from a variety of external environments, which makes them virulent or have new characteristics that make them adapted to live in the environments from which they are isolated. Keywords: Klebsiella pneumonia, virulence factor, extreme conditions, phylogenetic tree.