Digitized re-publishing of documents has become nowadays a very important issue. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) has been intensively used to this aim, as it performs the transcription of the text images into electronic files, allowing display functionalities, indexation, enrichment and broadcasting. However, such software still fails in many configurations, so that the transcription does not reach the required editorial quality (99% of recognition are required for an ergonomic reading). In the OZALID project, we propose to rely on crowdsourcing for correcting OCR results. One main issue is then to determine when the crowdsourcing has reached its limits. For that, we present a feasibility study of an original protocol based on indicators that quantify the recognition quality in both semantic and semiotic ways. These indicators are calculated and followed up during the entire crowdsourcing process until stability. Experimental results show that the proposed observables converge after some correction iterations allowing automatically stopping the crowdsourcing process and dealing with huge amount of data.
In the opinion of Wittgenstein, romantic, subjective conception of meaning opposed to the "rational" dimension prevents us to acknowledge that reasons are on the "same side" as meaning, as rule and as public discourse, instead of being only seen in the category or "causes", like adepts of scientism and opponents to Wittgenstein think. Thanks to Wittgenstein we also understand that the meaning exists because of the pre-existence of institutionalized language, in the diversity of life aspects initially experienced by children.
Pour remédier à la violence et aux incivilités, perçues comme autant de manifestations d'un malaise identitaire, on a cru bon d'appliquer des " politiques de reconnaissance" -qui n'ont fait qu'alimenter la rhétorique identitaire -, avant de se tourner vers l'éducation à la citoyenneté" puis la médiation , laquelle suppose toujours une base ethnique à la communication. Or ; il faudrait avant tout pour restaurer l'autorité à l'école, lutter contre l'élitisme et les inégalités dans le système éducatif, remettre en question la " culture commune", et ouvrir l'enseignement, en donnant plus d'autonomie aux enseignants.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.