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Globus pallidus deep brain stimulation (GPi-DBS) is a useful alternative in the treatment of dystonia. Patients selected for GPi-DBS were prospectively rated with the Unified Dystonia Rating Scale (UDRS). Also, "blinded" videotape assessments were performed. Eleven patients were identified. Compared with pre-DBS scores, there were improvements in mean total UDRS score (15.3%) and in the following subscores: neck (18.18%), trunk (32.9%), arm (17.9%), and leg (19.9%). One patient developed a skin infection and erosion requiring surgical debridement. GPi-DBS is a safe and effective treatment for generalized dystonia in patients who remained impaired, despite optimal medical therapy.

ABSTRACT

These observations underscore the importance of central opioid receptors and nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonists in modulating catecholamine pathways.