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Design, simulation, fabrication, packaging, and characterization of a MEMS-based mirror array for femtosecond pulse-shaping in phase and amplitude Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 075106 (2011); 10.1063/1.3606440Actuation of water droplets driven by an organic transistor based inverter

Thin ferromagnetic film patterned into isolated islands is used to direct the assembly of superparamagnetic colloidal particles into two-dimensional (2D) arrays. It is confirmed that only one particle per island is retained when particles are slightly larger than the island, whereas particles that are smaller can form various patterns on the islands. Ferromagnetic islands positioned under a template of microwells are shown to promote highly regular 2D arrays, and external uniform magnetic field can be used to bias the particles to attract or to repel from the exposed end of the ferromagnetic islands.

Right angle magnetron sputtering (RAMS) was used to produce hydroxyapatite (HA) film coatings on pure titanium substrates and oriented silicon wafer (Si(0 0 1)) substrates with flat surfaces as well as engineered surfaces having different forms. Analyses using synchrotron XRD, AFM, XPS, FTIR and SEM with EDS showed that as-sputtered thin coatings consist of highly crystalline hydroxyapatite. The HA coatings induced calcium phosphate precipitation when immersed in simulated body fluid, suggesting in vivo bioactive behavior. In vitro experiments, using murine osteoblasts, showed that cells rapidly adhere, spread and proliferate over the thin coating surface, while simultaneously generating strong in-plane stresses, as observed on SEM images. Human osteoblasts were seeded at a density of 2500 cells cm(-2) on silicon and titanium HA coated substrates by RAMS. Uncoated glass was used as a reference substrate for further counting of cells. The highest proliferation of human osteoblasts was achieved on HA RAMS-coated titanium substrates. These experiments demonstrate that RAMS is a promising coating technique for biomedical applications.

Under a grant from the National Science Foundation, the authors (and others) undertook to integrate ethics into graduate engineering classes at three universities-and to assess success in a way allowing comparison across classes (and institutions). This paper describes the attempt to carry out that assessment. Standard methods of assessment turned out to demand too much class time. Under pressure from instructors, the authors developed an alternative method that is both specific in content to individual classes and allows comparison across classes. Results are statistically significant for ethical sensitivity and knowledge. They show measurable improvement in a single semester.