No abstract

One way to take advantage from out of speci cation biodiesel and waste from biodiesel tank bottom drainage is to co-process them in a uidized catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. The present work deals with the cracking of oleic acid methyl ester (OAME) as a biodiesel model, under conditions close to that of FCC process over ZSM-5 and Y zeolites, either in protonated or sodium forms, for the production of deoxygenated compounds. Catalytic fast cracking of OAME pre-adsorbed on the catalyst surface was performed, with a catalyst:OAME mass ratio of 10:1 in a micro-pyrolysis system at 650°C, coupled to a GC/MS for on line analysis of the products. Results show that the cracking of OAME without a catalyst favored the formation of linear alkenes and polyenes. Fast cracking of OAME over HZSM-5 and HY acidic zeolites led to the production of aromatics, due to hydrogen transfer. Cracking over NaY and HY zeolites produced remarkable amounts of rami ed saturated hydrocarbons. The formation of alkylated hydrocarbons was not signi cant over ZSM-5 zeolite probably due to a small pore size of this zeolite.NaY catalyst favored the production of hydrocarbons in the range of kerosene (C8-C12). Low acidic zeolites favored the production of non-aromatic hydrocarbons. Product distribution was affected by catalyst shape selectivity and acidity. These results show that residues from the biodiesel chain can be directly co-processed in FCC units to obtain high value hydrocarbons, mainly in the jet fuel and gasoline ranges. Statement Of NoveltyThis work shows that oleic acid methyl ester as a model of residues from off-spec biodiesel and waste from biodiesel tank bottom drainage can be directly co-processed in a FCC unit, using ZSM-5 and Y zeolites as catalysts in H-and Na-form. The use of such residues in FCC process can promote the production o high value hydrocarbons, mainly in the jet fuel and gasoline ranges. These results may be of great interest to the growing market for renewable jet fuel since the aviation industry is committed to reduce CO2 emissions towards zero net carbon emissions. To the best of our knowledge, such a systematic study has not been reported yet.

One way to take advantage from out of specification biodiesel and waste from biodiesel tank bottom drainage is to co-process them in a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. The present work deals with the cracking of oleic acid methyl ester (OAME) as a biodiesel model, under conditions close to that of FCC process over ZSM-5 and Y zeolites, either in protonated or sodium forms, for the production of deoxygenated compounds. Catalytic fast cracking of OAME pre-adsorbed on the catalyst surface was performed, with a catalyst:OAME mass ratio of 10:1 in a micro-pyrolysis system at 650°C, coupled to a GC/MS for on line analysis of the products. Results show that the cracking of OAME without a catalyst favored the formation of linear alkenes and polyenes. Fast cracking of OAME over HZSM-5 and HY acidic zeolites led to the production of aromatics, due to hydrogen transfer. Cracking over NaY and HY zeolites produced remarkable amounts of ramified saturated hydrocarbons. The formation of alkylated hydrocarbons was not significant over ZSM-5 zeolite probably due to a small pore size of this zeolite. NaY catalyst favored the production of hydrocarbons in the range of kerosene (C8-C12). Low acidic zeolites favored the production of non-aromatic hydrocarbons. Product distribution was affected by catalyst shape selectivity and acidity. These results show that residues from the biodiesel chain can be directly co-processed in FCC units to obtain high value hydrocarbons, mainly in the jet fuel and gasoline ranges.

This work evaluates the adsorption capacity of the wild cane fiber (Gynerium Sagittatum) in crude oil. Both untreated biomass and treated with ionic liquid [2HEA][Ac] and acetylated were studied for oil spill cleanup in aqueous environment. Crude oil adsorption tests were performed in a thermostatic bath, varying the time for the kinetic study and the amount of oil for isotherm model. Kinetic study of oil adsorption allowed us to identify that the untreated fiber reached saturation in 90 minutes, while the fiber treated with acetylated and ionic liquid reached saturation in 30 minutes. In equilibrium, the total amount of oil adsorbed by the untreated fiber was 3.8g, whereas in acetylated and ionic liquid treated fiber, the obtained maximum adsorption capacity was 4.4 and 3.7 g, respectively. The remediation process using wild cane fiber followed a second order kinetic rate and Sips and Toth isotherm models provided the best fit to experimental data.