Early childhood education aims to achieve the motor, cognitive, emotional, and social development of preschoolers by providing them with a variety of learning opportunities. The square-stepping exercise (SSE) is a balance and lower limb strength training programme used to prevent falls and stimulate cognitive function in older adults. This project aims to propose an SSE tele-exercise (Tele-SSE) protocol to evaluate its effects on the motor and cognitive development of children aged between 3 and 6 years. A randomized controlled trial with experimental (Tele-SSE) and control (general education) groups will be carried out. The application of Tele-SSE will be performed for 9 months (three times per week) and one additional follow-up after the intervention at the beginning of the next academic year. One-hundred and two preschoolers will be recruited and randomly distributed into the two groups: experimental (n = 51) and control (n = 51). Although the main outcome will be balance due to the nature of the SSE, outcomes will include physical and motor (body mass index, waist circumference, handgrip and lower-limb strength, speed-agility, and cardiorespiratory fitness) and cognitive (executive functions and attention, episodic memory, and language assessment, using the Fitness Assessment in the Preschool Battery (PREFIT) and The National Institutes of Health Toolbox—Early Childhood Cognition Battery. This project aims to improve cognitive and motor skills in preschoolers aged between 3 and 6 years old, based on a 9-month Tele-SSE intervention. If this intervention proves to be effective, it could be implemented in those centres, entities and associations specializing in early childhood education.
El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar el efecto de 12 semanas de entrenamiento vibratorio de cuerpo completo en plataforma oscilatoria sobre el miedo a caerse en personas con fibromialgia (FM). Cuarenta y una mujeres diagnosticadas con FM (edad: 47±10.5 años) fueron aleatorizadas en dos grupos: vibración mecánica de cuerpo completo (n=21) y control (n= 20). La intervención del grupo experimental consistió en realizar 6 repeticiones a 12,5 Hz, con una frecuencia de 3 sesiones por semana y durante un total de 12 semanas. Se midió el miedo a caerse mediante el cuestionario FES-I y el grado de discapacidad con el Cuestionario de Impacto de Fibromialgia (CIF). Los resultados mostraron que las mujeres con FM presentan mayor miedo a caer que sus homólogos sanos, pero que la realización del programa de vibración mecánica de cuerpo completo, a pesar de reducir el miedo a caerse, no se encontraron diferencias significativas respecto al grupo control. Por tanto, concluimos que las mujeres con FM tienen miedo a caerse y que el programa de entrenamiento vibratorio propuesto no mostró ser útil para reducir el miedo a caer en mujeres sedentarias con FM. Así, se recomienda que los programas de intervención en esta población tengan un carácter multidisciplinar, incluyendo ejercicio físico en combinación con otras estrategias de actividad física o comportamentales y terapia psicológica.
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