This paper analyzes the response under voltage dips of a Type 3 wind turbine topology based on IEC 61400-27-1. The evolution of both active power and rotational speed is discussed in detail when some of the most relevant control parameters, included in the mechanical, active power and pitch control models, are modified. Extensive results are also included to explore the influence of these parameters on the model dynamic response. This work thus provides an extensive analysis of the generic Type 3 wind turbine model and provides an estimation of parameters not previously discussed in the specific literature. Indeed, the International Standard IEC 61400-27-1, recently published in February 2015, defines these generic dynamic simulation models for wind turbines, but does not provide values for the parameters to simulate the response of these models. Thus, there is a pressing need to establish correlations between IEC generic models and specific wind turbine manufacturer models to estimate suitable parameters for simulation purposes. Extensive results and simulations are also included in the paper.

The generic wind turbine models developed in recent years by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Western Electricity Coordinated Council (WECC) are intended to meet the needs of public, standard, and relatively simple (small number of parameters and computational requirements) wind turbine and wind farm models used to conduct transient stability analysis. Moreover, the full-scale converter (FSC) wind turbine technology referred to as Type 4 by IEC and WECC, is increasingly used in current power systems due to its control benefits. Hence, the development of this generic model has become a priority.This study presents the validation of two generic Type 4 wind turbine models, which have been developed in accordance with the IEC and WECC guidelines, respectively. Field data collected from a real wind turbine located in a Spanish wind farm was used to validate both generic Type 4 wind turbine models following the IEC validation guidelines. Ten different test cases are considered, varying not only the depth and duration of the faults but also the load of the wind turbine. The parameters of the models were kept constant for all the simulation cases, aiming to evaluate the accuracy of the models when facing different voltage dips.

Ancillary services are intended to ensure the quality, reliability, and security conditions of the electricity supply. Active power‐related ancillary services are considered balancing services, including mandatory services, such as spinning or primary regulation, and optional services, such as secondary and tertiary regulation. These optional balancing services have typically been supplied by conventional power plants, but since their contribution to the production share is decreasing due to high renewable energy penetration, power system operators are currently in need of alternatives. In addition, the recent advances in both the wind power industry and power system observability and controllability, and the necessary changes in balancing markets have made it technically and economically possible for wind power plants to contribute to optional balancing services. Under this framework, our study focuses on the contribution of wind power to balancing markets in the Spanish power system. Specifically, this work analyses the operational capability test for wind energy active power ancillary services provision and the results of the participation of wind energy to tertiary regulation and imbalance management from February 2016 to July 2017. Furthermore, the analysis includes a comparison with other generation technologies and the identification of upward and downward direction margins. These results show the real experience of the contribution of Spanish wind energy to optional active power ancillary services. This article is categorized under: Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure

No abstract

No abstract