RESUMENEn este trabajo se aplica un nuevo enfoque al estudio de las noches calurosas, también denominadas "tropicales", en el litoral mediterráneo de España de cara a identificar aquellas noches en las que la población pueda verse afectada por estrés térmico. La utilización de un indicador obtenido a través de datos semihorarios ha permitido definir con más detalle las características térmicas de las noches veraniegas, pudiendo así evaluar con más precisión el riesgo para el bienestar y la salud de la población. Se produce un importante aumento de la frecuencia de noches tropicales y noches cálidas en el litoral mediterráneo, desde Cataluña hasta el sur de Andalucía. La menor latitud y la proximidad a la costa están relacionadas con la mayor persistencia del calor y del estrés térmico durante estas noches. En áreas de interior la persistencia es menor.Palabras clave: noches tropicales, noches cálidas, Mediterráneo, España, salud humana. ABSTRACTThis paper presents a new methodology for the study of hot nights, also called "tropical nights", across the Mediterranean coast of Spain in order to identify those nights where people can be affected by heat stress. The use of one indicator obtained through half-hourly data has allowed to define in more detail the thermal characteristics of the nights, thereby being able to assess more accurately the risk to the health and well-being of the population. There is a significant increase in the frequency of tropical nights and hot nights on the Mediterranean coast, from Catalonia to the south of Andalusia. The lower latitude and proximity to the coastline are associated with greater persistence of heat and thermal stress during these nights. The hottest nights are more frequent and intense in the city center due to the effect of the urban heat island.
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