Background Mycetoma is a chronic, localized infection caused by fungi and bacteria. It usually affects the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and bone of exposed areas with deformity of the affected limb, ulcers, and fistula; however, pain is not severe, therefore the patient comes late to hospital for care. Objective To establish the diagnosis of mycetoma in the foot by imaging and identify the principal radiological signs. Materials and Methods Six patients with foot mycetoma were evaluated with plain x‐ray, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance (MR) after confirming the diagnosis by histopathology and culture. Results All patients presented the MR “dot‐in‐circle” sign; four presented “punched out” bone lesions on plain x‐ray. The six patients had fistulas, ulceration, a seropurulent exudate, edema, and a foot deformity. Four patients had N. brasiliensis infection with positive anti‐Nocardia IgG antibodies, and only half presented bone lesions. Conclusion Characteristic findings were foot deformity, edema, bone lesions, ulcers, fistulas and the presence of the “dot‐in‐circle” sign. We recommend a comprehensive study of patients with plain x‐ray and MR.

Amyand’s hernia is an uncommon form of inguinal hernia. It represents <1% of all hernias and its complication with appendicitis is still rarer with 0.1–0.13% being reported. A 78-year-old woman was taken to the emergency room with pain in the right groin. The patient was assessed by ultrasound with the clinical suspicion of an inguinal hernia. We present the ultrasonographic features of appendicitis within an inguinal hernia sac. A tubular image that terminated in a blind-ended tip in the longitudinal plane and a target image on the cross-sectional plane were consistent with the sonographically demonstrated appendix. The diagnosis of Amyand’s hernia is difficult in the clinical setting. The patient is frequently referred to surgery with the diagnosis of an incarcerated hernia. Ultrasound is a good imaging modality that detects and characterizes this uncommon condition.

Esophageal stenosis is a common complication in patients with RDEB, even when they do not have dysphagia. We recommend regular esophagographic examinations of all patients with RDEB.

The screening breast cancer detection rate in Mexico is low. The main objective of this study was to determine the breast cancer detection rate in a Mexican population that attended a breast imaging unit, in which the same radiologist comprehensively evaluated and interpreted breast imaging studies. A total of 5,429 mammograms performed between 2015 and 2016 were evaluated. Rates for biopsy indication, biopsies performed and positive biopsies for cancer were determined. The malignancy detection rate, after a comprehensive imaging evaluation in a breast imaging unit, was 24.3 per 1,000 mammograms. In symptomatic women was 52.9 per 1,000 mammograms, and in screening women was 11.1 per 1,000 mammograms. Breast imaging units in which a comprehensive imaging approach is performed represent an opportunity for low-and middle-income countries without population-based screening programs to achieve a more efficient detection of breast cancer, without generating a higher cost.

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