Physiological and molecular response of Anadara tuberculosa (Arcoida: Arcidae) to salinity stress. The pustulose ark A. tuberculosa is an emblematic species of mangrove ecosystem that is currently in a vulnerable condition. The development of its aquaculture, to begin with genetic breeding programs, requires the identification of molecular biomarkers, particularly those associated with salinity stress. With this purpose, specimens of A. tuberculosa were collected from the adjacent mangroves of Puerto Pizarro bay (Tumbes, Perú), from January 2015 to February 2016. Different assays (groups of ten animals in triplicate) were undertaken in separated periods of 16 days: hypo-osmotic stress (extreme: 5, 10 ppt); (Moderate: 15, 25 ppt) and no stress (control group: 33 ppt). The presence of salinity stress biomarkers was assessed at the genetic level throughout PCR detection of 19 genes reported to be key actors in osmoregulation, and at the proteomic level with the sequencing of peptides (tandem mass spectrometry MALDI TOF/TOF), expressed in ark tissues exposed to different salinities. None of the tested genetic markers could be amplified by PCR, suggesting that A. tuberculosa has significant genetic differences compared to other mollusks. Proteomic analysis by mass spectrometry on A. tuberculosa gill tissue, allowed to identify 26 peptides expressed in presential and differential forms at different salinities, highlighting possible markers such as HSP70 and trans-membrane chloride channel transportation protein, to be related with salinity adaptation. These amino acid sequences will allow the design of target specific primers for A. tuberculosa, to implement future research in ecophysiology of this important fishery resource. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65 (3): 1142-1151. Epub 2017 September 01.
El salazonado de pescado es una forma antigua y económica de preservación que se usa aún en países en vías de desarrollo como el Perú. En la región Tumbes, es común la comercialización de caballa (Scomber japonicus peruanus) salada artesanalmente, por lo cual su inocuidad microbiológica no está garantizada. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar, mediante el secuenciamiento de un fragmento del gen 16S ARNr, las bacterias cultivables presente en la caballa salada comercializada en Tumbes. A partir de tejido del músculo de la caballa, se aislaron cepas bacterianas en medio TSA suplementado con 15% de NaCl, de las que luego se obtuvieron fragmentos del gen 16S ARNr, que fueron secuenciados para luego identificar la especie a la que pertenecieron mediante una búsqueda en Genbank. Adicionalmente se analizaron el contenido de humedad y de NaCl del músculo de la caballa salada. Como resultado se identificaron cepas típicas de productos salados como: Staphylococcus sp, Halomonas sp, Staphylococcus equorum, Salinivibrio sp, Staphylococcus nepalensis y Salinivibrio sp. Sin embargo, en el 70% de las caballas analizadas se tuvieron niveles de humedad inadecuados, así como bajos niveles de NaCl, lo cual indicó un salado inadecuado y en consecuencia un producto con pobre conservación.
Aislamiento de péptidos inhibidores de bacterias a partir de bacterias ácido lácticas del tracto digestivo del lechón e identificación mediante prueba proteómica Isolation of bacterial inhibitory peptides from lactic acid bacteria of the piglet digestive tract and identification by proteomic test
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