Castor (Ricinus communis L.), an important oilseed crop for the production of biofuels and high quality lubricants, has a long history of cultivation worldwide. However, very little is known about the genetic diversity of cultivars adapted to the semi-arid conditions of Northeastern Brazil, a strategic area for castor cultivation. Aiming to provide new approaches to select dominant markers for genetic diversity analysis among castor accessions from a Brazilian germplasm bank, we have tested 21 AFLP primer combinations and 16 ISSR primers with 27 genotypes from a Brazilian germplasm bank. PIC, MI and RP values were calculated for both marker systems and a strong correlation was observed among these parameters. Therefore, due to a higher degree of variation, primers could be better selected taking into account the RP values, which ranged from 0.231 to 18.231 (AFLP) and from 1.630 to 9.556 (ISSR). Dissimilarity values ranged from 0.189 to 0.504 in the combined analysis (AFLP + ISSR), with genotypes grouping into four main clusters, although without any evidence of genetic structuration (F st = 0.108). The successful association between genotypes and specific marks highlighted the great potential of AFLP and ISSR markers to access the variability within the species. Additionally, by describing new polymorphic markers for genotype differentiation, we provide an important contribution to guide crosses between accessions with traits of interest. KEYWORDS:Ricinus communis, DNA fingerprinting, dominant markers, germplasm. RESUMO:Visando descrever novas abordagens para a seleção de marcadores dominantes para análises de diversidade genética entre acessos de mamona, foram aplicadas 21 combinações de marcadores AFLP e 16 marcadores ISSR utilizando 27 genótipos de um banco de germoplasma brasileiro. Valores de PIC, MI e RP foram calculados para ambos os sistemas de marcadores e foi observada uma forte correlação entre tais parâmetros. Assim, devido a um maior grau de variação, os primers puderam ser melhor selecionados por meio dos valores de RP, os quais foram observados entre 0,231 e 18,231 (AFLP) e entre 1,630 e 9,556 (ISSR). Os valores de dissimilaridade variaram entre 0,189 a 0,504 na análise combinada (AFLP + ISSR), onde os genótipos foram divididos em quatro grupos principais, embora sem haver evidência de estruturação genética (Fst = 0,108). A associação bem sucedida entre genótipos e marcas específicas evidenciou o grande potencial dos marcadores AFLP e ISSR para acessar a variabilidade dentro da espécie. Adicionalmente, por meio da descrição de novos marcadores polimórficos para a diferenciação entre genótipos, o presente trabalho traz uma grande contribuição para o direcionamento de cruzamentos entre acessos com características de interesse. we have also tested some parameters aiming for a better primer selection in future evaluations. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Materials and MethodsThe analyzed material was provided by Embrapa Algodão (Campina Grande, Brazil) and consisted of 27 castor genotypes (Table 1) adapted ...
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