<p>A fin de conocer la variabilidad cualitativa y cuantitativa de 111 poblaciones de la colección nacional de referencia del género <em>Capsicum</em>, a cargo de Corpoica en el Centro de Investigación “La Selva”, se analizaron las especies <em>C. annuum</em>, <em>C. baccatum</em>, <em>C. chinense</em>, <em>C</em>. <em>frutescens</em>, <em>C. pubescens </em>y <em>C. </em>spp. (silvestres). Se aplicó una lista de descriptores con 69 atributos, 47 cualitativos y 22 cuantitativos, a partir de los cuales se encontró amplia variabilidad cualitativa con polimorfismos en 45 de las 47 variables, así como 146 estados (morfoalelos) diferentes frente a 176 que han sido reconocidos y publicados. Esto indica que la metapoblación posee 3,1 morfoalelos por atributo en promedio con un intervalo intraespecífico entre 1,5 para los silvestres y 2,6 para <em>C. annuum </em>y <em>C. chinense</em>. El fenograma cualitativo mostró una similaridad mínima del 48% entre poblaciones lo cual, considerado en forma conjunta con el porcentaje total de morfoalelos, denota que hay arreglos variables en las poblaciones individuales. Se detectó variabilidad cuantitativa en la metapoblación para todas las características de esta índole. Los polimorfismos cuantitativos se relacionaron principalmente con atributos del fruto en las especies domesticadas y del follaje en las silvestres. En estas últimas se halló una contribución importante a la variabilidad de los atributos del fruto relacionados con la atracción de pájaros frugívoros dispersores de la semilla. La variabilidad cualitativa y cuantitativa encontrada en las poblaciones de <em>Capsicum </em>evaluadas indica que se cuenta con suficiente germoplasma de calidad para programas de fitomejoramiento.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Phenotypic variation in chili and sweet pepper populations of the Capsicum genera in the national Colombian collection </strong></p><p>To determine the qualitative and quantitative variability of 111 populations from the national Capsicum germplasm collection, an experiment was carried out to analyse C. annum, C. baccatum, C. chinense, C frutescens, C. pubescens, and C. spp. (wild) at Corpoica’s “La Selva” Research Center located at Rionegro (Antioquia, Colombia). A list of descriptors with 69 characteristics was used: 47 qualitative and 22 quantitative. A wide qualitative variability was found with 45 out of the 47 variables being polymorphic; and 146 descriptor states (morphoalleles) out of the 176 recognised and published. This indicates that in the metapopulation on the average there are 3.1 morphoalleles per variable, with a range at species level between1.5, in the wild species, and 2.6 in C. annum and C. chinense. The qualitative phenogram indicated a minimum similarity of 48% between accessions, which considered jointly with the % of total morphoalleles, points out the diverse variable arrangements at individual populations level. Quantitative variability was observed at the metapopulation level for all registered characteristics. The quantitative variability was mainly related to fruit attributes for domesticated species, and with foliage characters for wild populations. Fruit attributes related to bird attraction for seed dispersion contributed significantly to quantitative variability. The wide qualitative and quantitative variability studied in Capsicum populations point out the potential of the evaluated germplasm for breeding purposes.</p>
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