The COVID-19 restrictions in Belarus turned out to be less stringent than those of its neighboring countries. Objective: We aimed to evaluate physical activity, life satisfaction, perception of stress, choice of coping strategies and their correlations among Belarusian students. An anonymous Internet survey was conducted among 1769 students studying at the faculties of physical culture (415), pedagogical (737), and medical (617) universities. International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), and Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced (mini-COPE) questionnaires were used. The respondents declared sufficient and high levels of physical activity. The level of physical activity was correlated with life satisfaction (typically for student-athletes). The least satisfaction with life and highest level of perceived stress were among future doctors. The minimum indicator of stress was noted in athletes. The most common coping strategy was active coping. Strategies of problem avoidance and seeking support from outside were not used by student-athletes. These strategies were used by pedagogical and medical students. Student-athletes have the most favorable opportunities, followed by representatives of pedagogical and medical students. The proposed classification of the levels of behavior (optimal, acceptable, satisfactory and risky) makes it possible to adjust lifestyles.

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Background. Population aging is a challenge for social policy and medical care. The problem of ageism -discrimination of a person by age -is closely connected with the phenomenon of the aging of society. Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the views of 60+ respondents about medical care and the possible manifestations of ageism in healthcare institutions in four countries for developing recommendations for the formation of "good practices" for older people and a worthy attitude towards them. Material and methods. An anonymous survey was conducted on 478 people (who gave informed consent to participate in the study) aged 60+: in Belarus -139, Poland -110, Russia -123, Lithuania -106. Opinions about medical care and manifestations of ageism were assessed using a questionnaire by Kropińska entitled "Studying the phenomenon of age discrimination in older people". Results. The opinion of the majority of respondents about medical care in their country of residence was found to be satisfactory. Manifestations of ageism in healthcare institutions, according to respondents, range from 20.9% to 43.0%. Conclusions.In the analysed groups of respondents in four countries, the provision of medical care is assessed positively. The high level of manifestation of ageism in healthcare institutions is a problem, which indicates the need to reduce the risks of its occurrence.

Background: With the development of genetic research in oncology, it has become possible to track and identify early and preclinical forms of hereditary oncological diseases, which allows timely and effective preventive and therapeutic measures in relation to relatives at risk. Aim of the study: Assessment of genetically determined neoplasms in the region and the development of organizational forms and methods for early diagnosis. Material and methods: 10,727 residents of the Belarus-Poland border region were examined. Clinical and medical history data of 2,054 patients with tumors of the breast (1406), ovaries (239), and colon (409) were analyzed. As a result of the questionnaire, three main observation groups were formed: “high risk of hereditary cancer”, “hereditary cancer suspected”, and “no risk of hereditary cancer”. Results: Register and hospital screenings were the most informative types of screening. Of the 149 HBC patients who underwent molecular genetic testing, BRCA1 gene mutations were found in 5.37%, 5382insC in all cases. Seven mutations were detected in 77 individuals with a diagnosis of HOC and in 6 cases 5382insC and in 2 - 4145delA. Signs of hereditary ovarian cancer and suspicion of it were found in 1.12%, including people who were found to have a high risk of hereditary ovarian cancer. By their effectiveness, register and hospital screenings significantly exceeded the population, p<0.01. 1.67% of women suffering from this disease met the high clinical risk criteria for hereditary ovarian cancer. A high clinical risk of hereditary tumor genesis was established in 0.73% of cases among patients with a diagnosis of colon cancer. Conclusions: The results of assessing the clinical risk of hereditary cancer according to population screening indicates that approximately 1.2% of the population has an increased clinical risk of developing hereditary breast, ovarian, and colon cancer.

Background. The present study examined factors influencing the choice of coping strategies in response to stress caused by the pandemic. The aim of the study was the analysis of the selection of coping strategies chosen by university students stratified based on whether they had previously contracted coronavirus disease . Material and methods.A variant of the COPE questionnaire was used to examine the choice of coping strategies among 876 students of Krasnoyarsk (Russia) during the lockdown. Fifteen coping strategies were assessed in 27.9% students who had COVID-19 and 72.1% who did not have COVID-19, taking into account sex differences.Results. Problem-oriented and active coping strategies were common in both groups. The most common scenarios are active handling strategies (median 6.0). In both groups, respondents rarely singled out (median ≤4.0) the use of psychoactive substances, denial of the situation, and conversion to religion. Females more often than young males used concentration on emotions as a coping strategy. Females who experienced COVID-19 refuse to believe what happened, and choose to seek social support for emotional reasons.Conclusions. The risk of infection and the transmitted illness engendered coping strategies associated with active actions. Passive coping strategies were used less frequently. The tactics used to select appropriate coping strategies for those who have not been ill and who have recovered are similar, irrespective of sex.