Radioactive sources of isotopes 22Na, 137Cs, 60Co, 133Ba and decay chains of Th and U are analyzed by means of gamma spectroscopy. The instrument used, a cylindrical NaI(Tl) scintillator from Mirion Technologies (Canberra) with dimensions of 2 × 2, is characterized by its calibration and absolute efficiency. The peak energies of the gamma spectra obtained are identified and related to corresponding isotopes and matter-radiation interactions according to nuclear and atomic databases. From these data, spectroscopic methods are implemented to compute radioactive activities for each source.

Se analiza una muestra de torio contenida en un electrodo de soldadura, mediante el uso de un contador Geiger-Müller modelo GMC-600, una cámara de niebla y un centelleador Canberra de NaI. Se caracterizan el contador  Geiger y la muestra a partir de las especificaciones del  fabricante y las bases de datos de estructura nuclear. Se  propone un montaje para la determinación del rango en  aire y el número total de decaimientos de la fuente  radiactiva, y se enfatiza en la influencia de radiación de  fondo y la geometría del montaje. Una vez se realiza este  montaje, se reportan medidas y se interpretan desde la  teoría y fuentes bibliográficas. Por último, se tienen en  cuenta aspectos del riesgo de la manipulación de este  objeto.

In classical physics, there is a well-known theorem in which it is established that the energy per degree of freedom is the same. However, in quantum mechanics, due to the non-commutativity of some pairs of observables and the possibility of having non-Markovian dynamics, the energy is not equally distributed. We propose a correspondence between what is known as the classical energy equipartition theorem and its counterpart in the phase-space formulation in quantum mechanics based on the Wigner representation. Further, we show that in the high-temperature regime, the classical result is recovered.