En este trabajo se presenta una revisión de 21 viviendas, que resultaron dañadas por licuación de suelos inducido por el sismo del 7 de septiembre de 2017, en la ciudad de Coatzacoalcos, Ver. Para tal efecto se ejecutaron 5 Sondeos de Penetración Estándar (SPT) con el objetivo de determinar las propiedades geotécnicas de los puntos donde se presentaron los mayores daños. En 13 sitios localizados en la zona de estudio se obtuvieron las funciones de transferencia empíricas (FTE), mediante registros de vibración ambiental, aplicando la técnica H/V. En base al promedio de las FTE, se calculó la función de transferencia teórica (FTT) aplicando el método de Haskell (1962), determinando de esta manera un modelo estratigráfico representativo del suelo (MSC). A partir de un registro de aceleraciones en superficie del sismo del 7 de septiembre, de una estación acelerográfica localizada en Minatitlán, Ver. (ASM), se aplicó la técnica H/V para determinar la FTE y el método de Haskell para el modelo del suelo (MSM).  El registro en superficie (ASM) se deconvolucionó con el modelo del suelo (MSM) para obtener el registro de aceleración en roca (AR) y para la zona de estudio de Coatzacoalcos, este registro (AR), se convolucionó con el modelo estratigráfico del suelo de Coatzacoalcos (MSC) para determinar el registro de aceleraciones en superficie (ASC) y de esta manera estimar la aceleración máxima en el terreno en estudio durante el sismo. La vulnerabilidad a la licuación de los suelos se determinó por el método empírico simplificado propuesto por Seed e Idriss (1971) y modificado por Youd, et al (2001).

The corrosion phenomenon affects several low carbon steel structures leading to excessive expenditure on coatings and other alternatives. However, the coatings used usually contain compounds that pollute the environment. Therefore, environmentally friendly, economical and transparent coatings or films have been developed. The sol-gel method is a reliable way for the development of anticorrosive films, as is the case of alumina or silica films. In this work, the protective capacity of an alumina/HDTMS film was studied. The alumina film was sintered at 350, 450 and 550 °C and then the 1% HDTMS film was deposited. The protective ability of the γ-Al2O3/HDTMS film was evaluated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Potenciodynamic Polarization Curves (PDP). The electrochemical results showed that the Al2O3/HDTMS film provided better protection compared to the metallic substrate. The contact angle degree was measured and determined that the sintered alumina/HDTMS films showed hydrophobic and superhydrophobic properties.

Frame buildings are prone to cracking because of their deformation by normal and extreme events such as temperature and earthquakes. Even though the crack widths are limited in the structural design, a cracked cover reduces the corrosion protection of reinforcing steel. Therefore, the load capacity of structures can be compromised prematurely. This paper aims to evaluate the flexo-compressive strength of deteriorated reinforced concrete (RC) elements in the corrosion process. To that end, a methodology to calculate the residual strength capacity was proposed, considering the influences of crack widths and cover width on the corrosion level—structure age relation of RC elements. The strength deteriorations caused by the concrete cracking and the steel corrosion were incorporated according to structure age. The residual strength was studied using parametric analyses, whose variables were the crack width, the cover width, the rebar diameter, and the structure age. The results showed that the cracked frame elements reduced their serviceability life by up to 62%, although their crack widths were within range recommended by the design codes (lesser than 0.30 mm). In 25 years, the corrosion effects reduce the element strength by up to 44%. This is due to the corrosion protection provided by the cracked cover becomes insignificant, reducing the initiation time. Thus, considering the corrosion deterioration can prevent strength overestimations up to 1.46 times. Additionally, according to their current state, the proposed methodology provides a practical estimation of flexo-compressive strength in corroded RC elements.

The Veracruz - Boca del Río metropolitan area in Mexico presents high temperatures and even high chloride ion concentrations, causing an aggressive environment with significant corrosion rates. Therefore, in reinforced concrete buildings in said area, their service life and integrity can compromise. Rapid Screening Methods (RSM) are used to determine their Seismic Vulnerability Index (SVI). The Benedetti-Petrini RSM can be used to determine the SVI of the corroded structures, adapting how the state of conservation is evaluated and weighted. To that end, the corrosion level and the crack width were correlated to estimate how their state of conservation can be deteriorated, reducing the service life. To test its usefulness, nine faculties, whose ages are close to 50 years, were analyzed, and the SVI of the original and modified methods were compared. Additionally, as expected, the buildings close to the coastline, and the faces exposed to wind direction, were the most damaged. The results indicate that the modified SVI provides rational decisions and improves the action management for each structure.

En este estudio se muestra que diseñar un edificio para valores del factor de comportamiento sísmico (Q) de tres o cuatro, de acuerdo con el Manual de Diseño de Obras Civiles de la Comisión Federal de Electricidad versión 2015 (MDOC-CFE-2015), podría resultar en que el estado límite de servicio rija el diseño por resistencia de una estructura, lo cual no debe ser. Para percatarse de ello, el diseñador tendrá que realizar un proceso iterativo que podría requerir muchas iteraciones, lo cual incrementará significativamente el trabajo. Por lo anterior, se obtiene una función para estimar el máximo valor de Q con el que se debe diseñar un edificio, cuya implementación reduce considerablemente dicho trabajo iterativo.