INTRODUCCIÓN El soporte nutricional es un componente clave del cuidado médico. La nutrición enteral (NE) es la entrega de nutrientes al tracto gastrointestinal mediante una sonda nasogástrica (SNG), nasoyeyunal (SNY) o de gastrostomía (GTT); siendo la ruta preferida para satisfacer las necesidades nutricionales cuando la vía oral está contraindicada o es insuficiente y existe un tracto gastrointestinal funcionante (1). En las ultimas dos décadas, la indicación de nutrición enteral se ha incrementado de modo importante (2). El uso de nutrición enteral es un método seguro y eficaz en un momento de la vida en que los requerimientos nutricionales son altos (3). Las principales indicaciones para nutrición enteral en pediatría son los trastornos motores y anatómicos del aparato digestivo, la aversión oral severa y la presencia de patologías emaciantes, crónicas o que requieran un alto aporte energético (3). Cuando se requiere un apoyo nutricional por varios meses o años, la nutrición enteral domiciliaria (NED) es la mejor opción para los niños y sus familias. El interés por este tipo
Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophagic Fistula. Evolution and Postsurgical ComplicationsEsophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fi stula are congenital anomalies associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal morbidity. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe clinical characteristics of patients with EA and TEF during childhood, specially focused on respiratory and gastrointestinal complications. Methods: We reviewed the clinical charts from fi fteen patients admitted to our hospital and who were followed locally between 1995 and 2007. Results: Gross classifi cation distribution was: A: 0, B: 0, C: 12, D: 2, E: 1. Waterston distribution was A1: 6, B1: 1, B2: 4 y C2: 4. Associated malformations to EA and TEF were 7/15. Main morbidity during the follow up period were: Recurrent pneumonia: 6/15, recurrent wheezing 12/15, tracheomalacia in 9/15 and apnea in one patient. Fistula re-opening in 3/15, Gastroesophageal refl ux in 15/15 esophagic stenosis in 7/15. All patients were admitted to the hospital at least once during the follow up and in 12/15 of this were due to respiratory causes. Conclusions: EA and TEF after surgical repair have signifi cant respiratory and gastrointestinal morbidity and frequent admission to the hospital during the fi rst years of life. (
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