Despite extensive vaccination, the quantity of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants continues to grow worldwide. Treating patients with a severe course of COVID-19 is a difficult challenge. One of the generally accepted and specific therapy methods is the use of plasma rich in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. On the other hand, assessing the antibodies level depending on the time after infection allows for vaccine-decision. The study marked the level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in 351 COVID-19 convalescent residents of one geographical region in Poland. The study group included blood donors. The studies were crosssectional and extended to a questionnaire to determine infection severity. These data were compiled statistically. The study considered epidemiological factors, the time from the end of the infection, and infection severity. The fastest increase of the antibodies level was observed up to 59 days after COVID-19, and it was statistically significantly higher among men. Higher levels of antibodies were found among people above the average age in both men and women. There was an increase in the level of antibodies since the onset of the disease in men, while in women, it decreased. The antibodies level was also found to depend on the severity of the course of COVID-19 infection. The optimal group of plasma donors in the studied geographical region is men and women above 39 years old. after a more severe infection. The titer of antibodies increases with time from the disease.

Our objective is to evaluate the correlation between ENT symptom occurrence and antibody titer in convalescent plasma, as well as the influence of age and gender on ENT manifestations of COVID-19. We measured the levels of antibodies in 346 blood donors, who had PCR-confirmed previous infection and met the study inclusion criteria. We recorded otolaryngological symptoms during infection: dry cough, dyspnea, sore throat, smell/taste disturbances, vertigo, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, sudden unilateral loss of hearing, progressive loss of hearing, and tinnitus. In addition, we statistically analyzed the correlation between patients’ antibody levels, symptoms, age, and gender using a chi-square test or Fisher exact test. A p-value less than 0.05 determined statistical significance. The mean age of the convalescents was 39.8 ± 9.56 SD and the median of the measured anti-SARS-CoV2 plasma antibodies was 1:368.5. The most common ENT symptoms were smell/taste disturbances (62.43%), dry cough (40.46%), sore throat (24.86%), and dyspnea (23.7%). Smell and taste disturbances were more frequent in younger patients and the marked antibody titer was lower, which was contrary to a higher antibody titer associated with dry cough, dyspnea, and dizziness. Occurrence of sore throat was not correlated with age, sex, or antibody level. There were no significant differences in otological symptoms in female patients. Gender does not affect the occurrence of ENT symptoms. The symptomatic course of SARS-CoV-2 infection is not always associated with higher levels of antibodies in the blood. The age of the infected patients, unlike gender, affects the occurrence of some ENT symptoms.

Wprowadzenie i cel pracy. Wśród wielu przewlekłych dolegliwości bólowych szczególnie powszechny jest ból pleców. Problem ten dotyczy przede wszystkim pracowników biurowych, ze względu na długi czas spędzany w pracy w pozycji siedzącej. Celem pracy była ocena dolegliwości bólowych kręgosłupa w grupie pracowników wykonujących pracę biurową, a także ustalenie związku między natężeniem a częstotliwością bólu w zależności od stażu pracy i płci. Materiał i metody. W badaniu wykorzystano autorski kwestionariusz. Do oceny natężenia bólu wykorzystano skalę NRS. Przebadano 120 osób, które spełniły kryterium włączenia do badania. Wyniki. W badanej grupie pracowników biurowych bóle najczęściej występowały w odcinku lędźwiowo-krzyżowym kręgosłupa (66,7%), a najrzadziej w odcinku piersiowym (14,2%). Kobiety i mężczyźni w prawie równym stopniu zgłaszali ból we wszystkich odcinkach kręgosłupa. Ponad połowa badanych podaje, iż odczuwa ból podczas siedzenia, zdecydowanie częściej kobiety niż mężczyźni. Ponad 80% badanych wskazało, że ból pleców ma negatywny wpływ na wykonywanie pracy. Wnioski. 1. Dolegliwości bólowe kręgosłupa najczęściej -zarówno u kobiet, jak i u mężczyzn -zlokalizowane są w odcinku lędźwiowo-krzyżowym kręgosłupa. 2. Częstotliwość i stopień intensywności odczuwanych przez pracowników biurowych dolegliwości bólowych nie zależy od płci. 3. Staż pracy nie ma wpływu na intensywność i częstotliwość występowania bólu kręgosłupa u pracowników biurowych. 4. Należy wprowadzać warsztaty, filmy instruktażowe i szkolenia dla pracowników biurowych na temat stosowania zasad ergonomii w miejscu pracy.

<b>Introduction:</b> Anosmia is the loss of the ability to detect one or more smells which can affect 3–20% of the population. The disorder divides into two types: congenital and acquired. </br></br> <b>Aim:</b> The objective of the study is to demonstrate the differences in social adaptation, quality of life and clinical features between patients with congenital and acquired anosmia. </br></br> <b>Material and methods:</b> Survey that contained questions about the quality of life, taste disorders, genesis of anosmia, perception from the trigeminal nerve, etc. was provided at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic thus the vast majority of patients did not suffer from COVID-19 at that time. People affected by hyposmia were removed from our research. A level of P < 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. </br></br> <b>Results:</b> A total of 331 patients completed the survey. Patients with acquired anosmia rated their quality of life lower than patients with congenital anosmia in EQ-VAS. As many as 44.6% of people with acquired anosmia claimed that their quality of life decreased mainly in the aspect of feeling pleasure, whereas 40.7% of people with congenital anosmia claimed that none of the aspects of their life decreased. Taste disorders rarely occur in the group of people with congenital anosmia in comparison to the group of people with acquired anosmia (11.5% vs 38.7%). Trigeminal nerve dysfunction two times more often accompanies acquired anosmia than congenital anosmia. </br></br> <b>Conclusion:</b> People with acquired anosmia tolerate anosmia worse than people with congenital anosmia. Congenital anosmia significantly differs from acquired anosmia. More research in the field of anosmia needs to be conducted.