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Pathological changes of the lector priest Iufaa are compared with those revealed on the skeletons of his two relatives Imakhetkherresnet and Nekawer, and of an unrelated male Padihor. They were discovered in 2001 in the vicinity of Iufaa's monumental shaft tomb, dating from late 26th dynasty (before 525 BC). The complex was found unmolested by robbers. Congenital anomalies, osteoporosis, degenerative joint changes, post-traumatic changes and maybe the first palaeopathological evidence of a rare benign neoplasm (neurilemmoma) were recorded. The findings add interesting new facts to the lives of these historical persons.

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Symptoms signs of benign and malignant tumors were observed during paleopathological analysis of skeletal remains from the city of Brno in the Czech Republic. Approximately 1,200 skeletons were examined from two Modern era archaeology sites: the Malá Nová ulice (Little New Street) cemetery and the cemetery of the Nemocnice Milosrdných bratrí (Merciful Brothers' Hospital). Osteomas, usually located on the flat bones of the cranial vault, were the most frequent skeletal pathology. Symptoms signs of malignant tumors were observed in three cases. In one case lytic foci caused by the metastases of a malignant tumor in the soft tissue was observed. Traces of myeloma multiplex were found in two individuals. Living conditions in that period, and possible carcinogenic environmental influences were assessed for the general population of Brno. This report contributes to a better understanding of the historical development of cancers and the clarification of possible causes for their modern increase of incidence.