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Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) is a contextual behavioral approach that uses general principles of behaviorism to improve therapy outcomes. Principles of reinforcement are used to shape the client's behavior in session, strategically reinforcing improvements in the therapeutic relationship. These improvements should extend to the client's personal relationships outside the therapy, because of the functional similarities between in-session and out-of-session contexts. However, the literature suggests that functional analyses about what happens in session can be helpful to increase the chances of extension and transfer of improvements out of session. With that in mind, the FAP process can be separated into 2 parts: experiential and analytical. During the experiential part of the interaction, therapists should evoke and naturally reinforce the client's improvements in a process that can lead to an improvement in intimacy in the therapeutic relationship. During the analytical part, the therapist and client should analyze the interaction that occurred between them in session, creating tracking and augmenting rules, which will help with the client's behavior change out of session. The goal of this article is to discuss how the functional analysis of the therapeutic relationship is important for the extension of in-session improvements to out of session contexts. Discussion of behavioral terms and concepts such as self-knowledge and self-control, rule-governed behavior and behavior shaped by contingencies, sensitivity to changes in contingencies, transformations of stimulus function, generalization, and others, will clarify the theoretical basis for why each of the 2 parts of FAP can potentiate the power of the other.

Em uma dada situação, quando um comportamento recentemente reforçado deixa de sê-lo, comportamentos que foram previamente reforçados sob circunstâncias similares tendem a recorrer. Comportamentos que voltam a ocorrer em tais condições são objeto de estudo da análise do comportamento sob a denominação de ressurgência comportamental. No presente texto, iremos inicialmente historiar os estudos sobre ressurgência. Na sequência, vamos analisar comportamentos ressurgentes a partir de uma série de fatores que os afetam, entre os quais estão a extinção prévia do comportamento ressurgente, o grau de fortalecimento a que o comportamento ressurgente fora submetido, o papel do reforçador para a ressurgência, os efeitos das taxas de respostas e taxas de reforço do comportamento ressurgente, a demonstração de classes de estímulos ressurgentes, etc. Por fim, vamos proceder com uma análise crítica do conceito de ressurgência frente a outros fenômenos comportamentais inter-relacionados, por exemplo, a variação comportamental que tipicamente acompanha um processo de extinção e a recuperação espontânea de uma resposta. Com isso, procuramos identificar as especificidades do conceito de ressurgência, avaliando-o quanto à sua possível relevância.