The relevance of the study of the mineral composition of plant objects is undoubted. In plant organisms, macro and micronutrients are present in an easily digestible form. The macroelements most accumulated in plants include calcium and magnesium, whose sources are members of the family Polygonaceae Juss, in particular the genus Persicaria Mill. The aim of the work was to develop a technique for quantitative complexometric determination of calcium and magnesium in plant raw materials after the burning procedure and its validation. As a result, optimal conditions for the quantitative determination of calcium and magnesium in plant objects were experimentally selected using the example of Persicaria maculosa Gray. mountaineer grass using complexometric titration after ashing and calcination. For the determination of calcium, the optimum pH value is 11–12, the acidic indicator is dark blue – chromium, the optimum pH for magnesium is 8–9, the indicator is pyrocatechol violet. The calcium content in the plant varies from 0.12% to 0.58%, the amount of magnesium is about 0.02%. The relative error of the mean determination with a 95% probability was no more than 1.60% and no more than 1.84% when determining calcium and magnesium, respectively. Studies have shown the validity of the developed methodology for indicators of authenticity, precision (convergence, reproducibility), specificity, linearity.

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Polemonium coeruleum (Greek valerian) is a very promising plant for study. Despite the data available in the literature concerning the analysis of the main group of compounds of Greek valerian (triterpene saponins), the remaining groups of the metabolome were practically not affected for study. The aim of the study was to study the carbohydrates of grass and rhizomes with Greek valerians roots. The objects of the study were a sample of grass and rhizomes with Greek valerian roots. The content of the sum of polysaccharides and free sugars in terms of glucose was determined in accordance with the corresponding pharmacopoeial articles of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV ed. The profile and quantitative content of simple reducing sugars was studied by capillary electrophoresis. This work was the first to study the sum of free polysaccharides and simple sugars in grass and rhizomes with Greek valerian roots in comparison with the use of modern physicochemical methods. It was revealed that the content of the sum of free polysaccharides and the sum of simple sugars in terms of glucose in the aboveground part of Greek valerian is higher than in the underground one. It was shown that the composition of free simple sugars between plant organs is different and is represented by fructose and sucrose.