No abstract

In patients with CUCLP, there is a wide variability in the degree of deficiency of the cleft-side lateral lip element, both in the vertical and in the transverse dimension. The extent of this deficiency may, in part, predict the resulting dental arch relationships.

This study examined associations between lipid peroxidation markers and cognition, and associations between these markers and cognitive response to an exercise intervention program, in adults with coronary artery disease at risk of dementia. Lipid peroxidation products were measured in serum in 118 patients (29 possible vascular mild cognitive impairment and 89 controls). Ratios of early- (lipid hydroperoxides, LPH) to late-stage (8-isoprostane, 8-ISO; 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, 4-HNE) lipid peroxidation products were calculated. Cognitive performance was assessed before and at completion of a 24-week exercise intervention program. A global effect of group on lipid peroxidation markers was observed, adjusting for sex, years of education, and cardiopulmonary fitness (main effect of group F (3,102) = 2.957, p = 0.036). Lower lipid peroxidation at baseline, as determined by lower 8-ISO concentration, was associated with greater improvement in verbal memory (F (1, 64) = 4.738, p = 0.03) and executive function (F (1, 64) = 5.219, p = 0.026) performance. Similarly, higher ratios of 8-ISO/LPH (F (1, 65) = 6.592, p = 0.013) and (8-ISO+4-HNE) to LPH (F (1, 65) = 3.857, p = 0.054), were associated with less improvement in executive function performance over a 24-week exercise intervention. Lipid peroxidation may be a biomarker of early vascular cognitive impairment, and elevated lipid peroxidation might limit the cognitive benefits of exercise in this high-risk population.

between small residual set-up errors following IGRT and overall survival in lung cancer patients (mostly with significant comorbidities), and explores which anatomy may be responsible for observed differences. Method: Residual setup errors of 546 NSCLC patients treated with an off-line 5mm action threshold correction protocol for bony anatomy were summarized per patient as the mean and standard deviation for each axis, as well as the vector magnitude in a direction from tumour towards the heart, and included in multivariate Cox regression. Delivered dose distributions including residual setup errors were estimated and the difference between the delivered and planned dose was compared for patients who did/did not survive longer than 1 year. Permutation testing (n¼1000) assessed significance. Result: Residual setup errors were not correlated with any pre-treatment clinical variable. Patients with a residual shift towards the heart (mean w2 mm, max 5mm) have significantly worse overall survival (hazard ratio 1.310, p ¼ 0.001). The average dose in the heart region changes linearly with the residual shift magnitude towards the heart (w0.8Gy/ mm). A higher delivered dose than planned in a region at the heart base (Figure 1, arrow) is associated with poorer survival in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 1.214/Gy, p<0.001). Conclusion: Small residual shifts after IGRT are strongly associated with overall survival in NSCLC patients, with shifts of the high dose region towards the heart leading to worse survival. The most likely cause of shorter survival is a corresponding increase in dose to the heart base. This analysis provides direct evidence of the importance of accurate patient positioning and highlights the significance of the heart base as a dose sensitive organ in thoracic radiotherapy patients with early effects on survival.