RESUMOO biótipo B de Bemisia tabaci destaca-se entre as pragas principais do feijoeiro. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a indução de resistência à mosca-branca pela aplicação de silício em feijoeiro. Foram testados 4 tratamentos, em esquema fatorial 2 (cultivares Carioca e Valente) x 2 (com e sem aplicação de silício) e 6 repetições. Dez dias após a emergência das plântulas, foram aplicados 500 ml de solução de ácido silícico a 1% no solo, na dosagem equivalente a 2 t SiO 2 /ha. Dez dias após a aplicação do silício, as plantas foram infestadas com adultos não sexados de mosca-branca em sala climatizada, sendo 100 moscas-brancas/vaso. Para o teste sem chance de escolha, o mesmo procedimento foi utilizado, com cada vaso coberto por gaiolas de tecido organza. Anteriormente à infestação, uma planta de cada vaso foi retirada, seca em estufa até peso constante para avaliação do teor de fenóis. Após 48 horas de infestação, os adultos liberados foram removidos das plantas para avaliação do número de ovos. Para isso, foi escolhida uma folha de uma planta/ vaso, selecionando-se a terceira folha apical inteiramente desenvolvida. Após quinze dias, foi avaliado o número de ninfas de 3º e/ou 4º ínstar. Não houve resposta entre cultivares de feijoeiro à aplicação de silício. Foi observado menor número de ovos e menor número de ninfas nas plantas tratadas com silício no teste com chance de escolha. No teste sem chance de escolha, a aplicação de silício não afetou a oviposição da mosca-branca e o desenvolvimento das ninfas, bem como o teor de fenóis.Termos para indexação: Silício, mosca-branca, resistência induzida, MIP. ABSTRACTThe biotype B of Bemisia tabaci stands out among the main pests of the bean plant. The objective of this work was to evaluate the resistance induction to the whitefly by silicon application in bean plant. The experimental design was completely ranlomized with 4 treatments, in a 2 (cultivar Carioca and Brave) x 2 (with and without silicon application) factorial outline and 6 repiicates. Ten days after the emergence of the seedlings, 500 ml of 1% silicic acid solution was applied in the soil, at a dosage equivalent to 2 t SiO 2 /ha. Ten days after the silicon application, the plants were infested with non-sexed whitefly adults in an acclimatized room, wiht 100 whiteflys/vase. For the non-choice test, the same procedure was used, with each vase covered by cages of organza cloth. Previously to the infestation, a plant of each vase was removed, oven-dried to constant weight for the evaluation of phenol levels. After 48 hours of infestation, the liberated adults were removed from the plants for evaluation of the number of eggs. For that, a leaf of a plant/vase was chosen, selecting the third completely developed apical leaf. After fifteen days, the number of nymphs of 3rd and/or 4th instar were evaluated. There was no response among cultivars of common bean to silicon application. A lower number of eggs and lower number of nymphs were observed in the plants treated with silicon in the test with chance cho...
Resistência de genótipos de couve-manteiga ao pulgão-verde e sua relação com a cerosidade foliar 1Resistance of kale genotypes to the green peach aphid and its relation to leaf wax ABSTRACT -The aim of this work was to evaluate the level of resistance of kale genotypes to the green peach aphid Myzus persicae, and its relationship to the wax present in the leaves. The test was carried out on twelve kale genotypes belonging to the germplasm bank of HortiAgro Seeds S. A. Epicuticular wax was extracted and quantified in the laboratory. Observations were also made using a scanning electron microscope, and a grading scale was used to assess the wax visually. Resistance to the aphid by antibiosis was tested, and the following parameters evaluated: nymphal period, pre-reproductive, reproductive and post-reproductive periods, total number of nymphs, average number of nymphs per day and longevity. The genotypes, UFLA-3, UFLA-4 and UFLA-6, presented the greatest wax content, with UFLA-6 displaying a higher level of resistance to the aphid. However, no relationship was found between wax content and resistance to the aphid in the group of kale genotypes studied.
A lagarta Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) é praga-chave da cultura do milho e a cada ano sua ocorrência na cultura algodoeira têm aumentado, causando danos severos desde a fase de plântula até a maturação. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito do silício na biologia de S. frugiperda em algodoeiro de fibra branca e colorida. Os bioensaios foram conduzidos com duas cultivares de algodão, a BRS Cedro (fibras brancas) e BRS Verde (fibras verdes), com e sem aplicação de silício. O silício foi aplicado como solução de ácido silícico a 1 %, na dosagem equivalente a 3 t/ha de SiO2. Avaliaram-se os seguintes parâmetros biológicos: mortalidade larval, duração da fase larval e pupal, viabilidade de pupa, peso das pupas, razão sexual, longevidade dos adultos, machos e fêmeas e o número de ovos/fêmea. Verificou-se que a aplicação de silício aumentou apenas a mortalidade de lagartas alimentadas com folhas da BRS Cedro, não demonstrando nenhum efeito nas lagartas quando aplicado na BRS Verde. Além disso, na cultivar BRS Cedro, em comparação com a cultivar BRS Verde, houve menor peso de pupa e menor produção de ovos/fêmea. Biology of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Colored Cotton Treated with Silicon Abstract. The caterpillar Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) is a key pest of the corn culture and each year its occurrence in the cotton culture has increased, causing severe damage from the seedling phase to maturation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the silicon on the biology of S. frugiperda in white and colored fiber cotton plants. The bioassays were conducted with two cultivars of cotton, BRS Cedro (white fibers) and BRS Verde (green fibers), with and without silicon application. The silicon was applied as a solution of 1% silicon acid, at a dosage equivalent to 3 ton/ha of SiO2. The following biological parameters were evaluated: larval mortality, duration of the larval and pupal phase, pupal viability, pupal weight, gender ratio, adult longevity of males and females and the number of eggs/female. It was verified that the silicon application only increased the mortality of caterpillars fed with BRS Cedro leaves, not demonstrating any effect on the caterpillars when applied on BRS Verde. Furthermore, the BRS Cedro cultivar, when compared to the BRS Verde cultivar, presented a lower pupal weight and a lower eggs/female production.
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