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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an eight-week plyometric training 2 intervention on measures of golf swing performance in highly skilled, adolescent golfers. Sixteen 3 male golfers were recruited to this study, being placed into two handicap and age-matched groups: 4 intervention and control. The intervention group completed an eight-week plyometric training 5 programme in addition to their golf-specific practice to study effects on clubhead speed (CHS), ball 6 carry distance (BCD) and other associated measures. The control group continued to undertake their 7 golf-specific training with no plyometric training. The intervention group demonstrated significant 8 (p<0.05) improvements in CHS and BCD between pre and post trials. The control group showed no 9 significant (p>0.05) changes in golf performance. The results suggest that in highly skilled adolescent 10 golfers, eight-weeks of plyometric training may help to improve CHS and BCD by approximately 3%. 11However, large between participant performance differences were observed after the training 12 intervention. It was concluded that, for golfers wishing to improve their CHS and BCD, a golf-specific, 13 plyometric training programme could play an important part in the athlete's training programme. 14 KEY WORDS 15Clubhead speed, ball carry distance, handicap, teenage athletes, adolescents, training.

No abstract

IntroductionChronic low back pain (CLBP) is a leading cause of disability in the UK Military. Pain and psychological comorbidities have been reported to influence the rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Exercise rehabilitation can be monitored using RPE; however, the accuracy of RPE in inpatient CLBP rehabilitation is unknown.MethodsA prospective cohort correlation study of 40 UK Military inpatients with CLBP was completed. Disability (ODI), kinesiophobia (TSK), anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9) were subjectively reported at the beginning and end of a 3 week intervention. Pain (VAS) and HR were recorded in the first aerobic exercise (AE) session (T1) and the final aerobic exercise session (T2). RPE was reported for each AE session.ResultsAt T1, a positive correlation was observed between RPE accuracy (−7.2±20.9), and pre-exercise pain (2.7 mm ±1.6 mm) (p>0.001) and ODI (31.0±16.9) (p>0.05), and a negative relationship between RPE accuracy and average HR (135 bpm ±22 bpm) (p>0.001) was observed. At T2, there was no significant correlation between RPE accuracy (−4.4±22.6) and pre-exercise pain (2.8 mm ±1.6 mm) or ODI (34.0±16.5) (p>0.05). The strong negative relationship between RPE accuracy and average HR (137 bpm ±20 bpm) remained at T2. Improved RPE accuracy over the 3-week rehabilitation programme was correlated to the change in average HR (r=−0.314, p<0.05).ConclusionsComorbidities may negatively affect RPE accuracy in CLBP, but the magnitude of the influence reduces over intensive rehabilitation.

In 1983 a coach crash brought a hospital's major disaster plan into operation. The surgical aspects of the plan were assessed to see how well they matched up