Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a popular organism for metabolic engineering; however, studies aiming at over-production of bio-replacement precursors for the chemical industry often fail to overcome proof-of-concept stage. When intending to show real industrial attractiveness, the challenge is twofold: formation of the target compound must be increased, while minimizing the formation of side and by-products to maximize titer, rate and yield. To tackle these, the metabolism of the organism, as well as the parameters of the process, need to be optimized. Addressing both we show that S. cerevisiae is well-suited for over-production of aromatic compounds, which are valuable in chemical industry and are particularly useful in space technology. Specifically, a strain engineered to accumulate chorismate was optimized for formation of para-hydroxybenzoic acid. Then a fed-batch bioreactor process was developed, which delivered a final titer of 2.9 g/L, a maximum rate of 18.625 mg/(g × h) and carbon-yields of up to 3.1 mg/g.

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Bacteriophages are the most abundant entities in earth. The order is the largest and most Caudovirales widespread group among bacterial viruses. The purpose of this study was to characterize bacteriophages from Indonesian waters. During this experiment, we collected sample from Kuningan (West Java) and Buleleng (Bali), Indonesia. We used an overlay agar method with three strains of as a host (NBRC 13965, NBRC 12713 and E. coli NBRC 13168) combined with digestion profiling using three restriction enzymes (PvuII, EcoRV and HincII) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) to characterize the morphology of the phage from Indonesia. Our results showed that phage LIPI13-Bp006 is in a group of and highly similar to Enterobacteria phage EPS7. Caudovirales bacteriophage, Bali, Enterobacteria phage EPS7, environment,

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