One of the goals of higher professional education is to develop generic student competencies across a variety of disciplines that play a crucial role in education and that provide wider opportunities for graduates in finding good jobs and more chance of promotion. In this article a list of generic competencies developed in Russian universities is compared with a similar list developed by a consortium of Russian and European universities (project TUNING-RUSSIA). Then there is a second comparison with a list of competencies taken from the CDIO Syllabus. This comparison indicates the degree of similarity among the lists and the possible convergence among universities all over the world. The results are taken from a survey carried out among Russian employers, academics, and graduates. The survey asked to rate each listed competence by its importance and the degree of achieving goals in the process of the education.
The total globalization of all aspects of the modern society's life changes paradigm of the traditional management. In contrast to the views of F. Taylor, H. Gantt, P. Drucker, R. Kaplan, D. Norton and other recognized guru of management, in the modern context the public and corporate management face a primary target to develop organization's internal resources. It becomes more and more important to maximize the use of internal potential which is possible only with the application of up-to-date management innovations such as the balanced scorecard strategy and KPI which is a basis of the modern appraisal of staff performance.
The article describes the experience of introducing lean production philosophy at Astrakhan State University in terms of a consistent study of the practice of effective implementing 14 principles of Toyota production system in the university. There have been defined main characteristics of the lean production concept. There has been substantiated the expediency of applying the concept of “lean management” in the university - the management system of the organization that contributes to the optimization of all its business processes, enhancing the potential of each employee for maximum orientation to the needs of the consumer. Organizational process of learning modern tools of lean production system at the weekly University seminars through creating the Department of human resources development is being considered, the practice of modeling lean production system tools and their implementation in the structural units of the University is studied. Intercompany training is regarded as a basis of a management system of the University. It has been said that research and innovation activities in Astrakhan State University have taken an important part for the last decade. Special attention is paid to long-term cooperation between the University and its partners from the neighboring countries (Gilyan University, Baku State University, Shanghay University, Dongseo University, Clark University, Bard-College, Worcester Polytechnic Institute etc.) and building the international innovative corridor. There are used methods of analogy, generalization, analysis and synthesis. As a result, a self-learning University - Astrakhan State University - has been created with an extensive communication system, employees engaged in continuous improvement and satisfied customers. There has been presented the algorithm of implementation of lean production tools in the University, which will be useful for other Russian universities.
The article analyzes educational strategies of the graduates who are planning to enter a master programme after completion of their bachelor programme. The research sets the goals to establish the main reasons for getting education in a master programme and factors defining their readiness to pay for this education. The research was carried out on the basis of Astrakhan State University (the Russian Federation). The research suggests a simple econometric model of component analysis. The result shows that most of the students consider a master programme to be a feasible educational trajectory, however only a minor part of them are ready to study on a commercial basis. Formation of a particular educational strategy is directly connected with the expected future income. It is characteristic that those bachelor degree graduates who are career-oriented display willingness to pay for their education, and those who see their professional future in enhancement their knowledge and being engaged in some research work expect to continue their education at the expense of the state. The results of the research confirm the existence of the investment, signaling and consumer functions of education that influence the preferences of the students and the choice of their further educational strategy.
Examined and analyzed are ethical aspects of interaction between students and teachers in the context of digital transformation of higher education. The forced massive transition to distance learning format updated the direction of research, related to ethical aspects of communication between a teacher and a student in the digital space. Digitalization processes, on the one hand, are becoming a factor of competitiveness, the prestige of educational institution, determining its place in the ranking of modern university, on the other hand, creating a problem of depersonalization of communication in the process of digital support of education. As a result of a sociological questionnaire survey and expert interviews among students and teachers of universities in Sverdlovsk region, both positive aspects of distance learning and communicative ethical difficulties were discovered during the period of transition to distance learning format. In conclusion, the authors offer a set of practical recommendations for further improving the ethical and communicative culture of students and teachers in the context of digitalization of higher education.
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