Background
Brain
18
F-FDG PET imaging has the potential to provide an objective assessment of brain involvement in post-COVID-19 conditions but previous studies of heterogeneous patient series yield inconsistent results. The current study aimed to investigate brain
18
F-FDG PET findings in a homogeneous series of outpatients with post-COVID-19 conditions and to identify associations with clinical patient characteristics.
Methods
We retrospectively included 28 consecutive outpatients who presented with post-COVID-19 conditions between September 2020 and May 2022 and who satisfied the WHO definition, and had a brain
18
F-FDG PET for suspected brain involvement but had not been hospitalized for COVID-19. A voxel-based group comparison with 28 age- and sex-matched healthy controls was performed (p-voxel at 0.005 uncorrected, p-cluster at 0.05 FWE corrected) and identified clusters were correlated with clinical characteristics.
Results
Outpatients with post-COVID-19 conditions exhibited diffuse hypometabolism predominantly involving right frontal and temporal lobes including the orbito-frontal cortex and internal temporal areas. Metabolism in these clusters was inversely correlated with the number of symptoms during the initial infection (
r
= − 0.44,
p
= 0.02) and with the duration of symptoms (
r
= − 0.39,
p
= 0.04). Asthenia and cardiovascular, digestive, and neurological disorders during the acute phase and asthenia and language disorders during the chronic phase (
p
≤ 0.04) were associated with these hypometabolic clusters.
Conclusion
Outpatients with post-COVID-19 conditions exhibited extensive hypometabolic right fronto-temporal clusters. Patients with more numerous symptoms during the initial phase and with a longer duration of symptoms were at higher risk of persistent brain involvement.
Supplementary Information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00259-022-06013-2.
The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of conservative treatment of distal radius fractures in the elderly since 2000. Our series included 22 articles, of which 3 reviews, 2 meta-analyses, 6 descriptive series of conservative treatment, 10 series comparing surgical and conservative treatments and 1 series comparing different types of conservative treatments. The reduction was performed by closed reduction in 7 cases and by traction in 3 cases. A short-arm cast was used in 8 cases and a long-arm cast in 4 cases for an average length of 6 weeks. The indications of conservative treatment were varied: AO type A fractures in 2 cases, type C fractures in 1 case, types A and C in 8 cases and types A, B and C in 3 cases. No article reported any significant difference between surgical and conservative treatments in terms of DASH or PRWE, whereas strength was sometimes improved when surgical treatment was used. Radiological results were always better after surgical treatment. The rate of complications varied greatly, greater, equally or lower compared to conservative treatment depending on the series. All in all, there is no consensus to assert that a conservative treatment is more justified than a surgical treatment to treat distal radius fractures after the age of 65. Most authors consider that the long-term clinical outcome is identical and that the radiological result is better after surgical treatment. The fact that the fixation of a distal radius fracture by a volar locking plate after 65 years speeds up the recovery remains to be proven.
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