Resumo -Este artigo discute o conceito de inovação social e identifica as suas principais dimensões analíticas. Pretende-se construir uma matriz analítica que permita, por um lado, sistematizar e comparar estudos de caso sobre o papel da inovação social no desenvolvimento dos territórios e, por outro, definir indicadores para um estudo de carácter extensivo. São identificadas cinco dimensões de análise da inovação social: a natureza, os estímulos, os recursos e dinâmicas, os agentes e os meios inovadores ou criativos. Dá-se particular importância à quinta dimensão de análise correspondente à espacialidade do processo de inovação social, ou seja, às características dos meios inovadores ou criativos. Nesta perspectiva, salienta-se a ideia da plasticidade do meio -lugar ou espaço-rede -resultante da conjugação de três condições: a diversidade, que assegura a abertura ao exterior e a entrada de ideias, atitudes e práticas novas; a tolerância, que permite o risco, possibilitando, por essa via, a emergência de inovação; a participação, que promove o debate e o envolvimento dos actores. Na segunda parte do artigo, apresenta-se um estudo de caso exploratório, o microcrédito em Portugal, que surge como um exercício de aplicação da matriz analítica apresentada na primeira parte. Este caso ilustra bem o papel decisivo do capital relacional na inovação social, bem como a articulação entre várias escalas do espaço-rede. Palavras-chave:Inovação social, meios inovadores, meios criativos, plasticidade dos lugares, microcrédito.Abstract -DIMENSIONS AND SPACES OF SOCIAL INNOVATION. Following a period in which the idea of innovation was almost exclusively associated with the technological domain, the notion of social innovation has over the past few years gained increasing recognition and come to be used in a variety of contexts. In most of the
Asset indices are ubiquitous in the debate about wellbeing in African countries, not least because of the paucity of traditional household income and expenditure data. Indeed, asset data have fuelled the creation of a new, more optimistic picture of wellbeing in Africa, where both income and the middle class are growing fast. This is the first review of the use of asset indices for African countries. Readers are guided through key debates over the use of asset data, including the use of assets to measure trends over time as well as socioeconomic status and class. We argue that the theoretical and empirical advantages of the asset index over traditional welfare measures are clear, but that caution is needed. Most asset indices show significant improvements in private wealth and social welfare in African countries due to increases in the number of household assets and improvements in health and education. However, we argue that simplistic conclusions in the economics literature about the growth of income or of a 'middle class' using asset indices are poorly founded. THE 2012/13 DEBATE ABOUT AFRICA'S 'GROWTH MIRACLE' between Alwyn Young and Kenneth Harttgen and colleagues has thrust the asset index into the limelight. 1 Before that, asset indices had been slowly creeping into the development debate for African countries since the 1990s, used as proxies for various kinds of wellbeing: household income, wealth, socioeconomic status and welfare. The reasons for this popularity include a number of apparent advantages over
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.