This study assessed tolerance to fluid ingestion with repeated sessions of drinking while running. Runners (n = 7; age 22 +/- 2 yr; V O (2max) = 54.4 +/- 7.1 ml/kg/min) performed six 90-min runs (65 % V O (2max); separated by 7 - 11 days). During run 1, subjects drank a glucose-electrolyte solution AD LIBITUM for 1 min every 10 min. During runs 2 - 6, subjects drank a volume of the solution every 10 min equal to their sweat production over 10 min during run 1. Stomach comfort (1 - 4 scale) and gastrointestinal symptoms were also assessed every 10 min. Gastric emptying rate was determined in runs 2 and 6. Subjects consumed more (p < 0.05) fluid during runs 2 - 6 (mean +/- SD; 1247 +/- 162 ml), than during run 1 (508 +/- 476 ml). Stomach comfort improved (p < 0.05) on runs 5 and 6 (1.7 +/- 0.5 mean ranks) compared to run 2 (2.3 +/- 0.5 mean ranks). Gastric emptying rate was not different between runs 2 and 6 (12.0 +/- 1.9 ml/min vs. 12.3 +/- 2.3 ml/min, respectively). These results indicate repeated sessions of drinking at a rate matching sweat rate improves stomach comfort, however, gastric emptying rate does not change under such conditions.

Despite prenatal resolution totalizing 25%, pelvic dilatation persisted on first postnatal imaging in most cases, thus justifying postnatal ultrasound evaluation. Whereas most mild cases resolved spontaneously, a quarter of moderate and more than half of severe cases required surgery. Patients with postnatal imaging and referral had more severe PNH, which could result in overestimation of pathology.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of endovascular treatment of TRAS with PTA.Materials and Methods We searched our prospectively collected database looking at cases of TRAS between January 2005-December 2011. CCT was the gold-standart for diagnosis of TRAS. Parameters analysed comprised technical aspects, arterial blood pressure variation, and renal function. A minimum follow-up of 24 months was considered.Results Of the 2221 renal transplants performed in the selected period, 22 (0.9%) patients were identified with TRAS. Fourteen (63.6%) were male and mean age was 377±14.8years (12-69). Kidney graft was from deceased donnors in 20 (80%) cases. On doppler evaluation, mean blood flow speed after transplantation, at TRAS diagnosis and after TAP was 210.6±99.5, 417±122.7 and 182.5±81.6mL/sec, respectively (p<0.001). For SBP and DBP, there was a significant difference between between pre-intervention and all post-treatment time points (p<0.001). After 1 month of the procedure, there was stabilization of the Cr level with a significant difference between mean Cr levels along time (p<0.001). After a mean follow-up of 16±4.2 (3-24) months, overall success rate was 100%.Conclusions Endovascular treatment with PTA/stenting is a safe and effective option for managing TRAS, ensuring the functionality of the graft and normalization of blood pressure and renal function.

Data tables were generated from the OHSU transplant Datamart, which contains key data elements for each OHSU kidney transplant. Additional data elements were integrated from the UNOS's Review of Organ offers report which provides additional data about the organ donor and non-identifiable outcomes of other transplants from the same donor. The incidence of DGF was calculated; univariate and multivariate analysis were performed on recipient, donor, and other variables. Chart review was performed on cases with DGF to identify possible recipient causes.RESULTS: Between 1/1/2012-12/31/2016, 326 patients received deceased donor kidney transplants at OHSU. The overall number of DGF was 31 (9.5%). The rate of DGF decreased from 20.8% in 2012 to 2.7% in 2016. Univariate analysis revealed that male sex, donation after circulatory death (DCD), DGF in the mate kidney, increased donor age, higher KDPI, cold ischemia time, and earlier transplant year were associated with increased risk of DGF. On multivariate analysis, DCD, KDPI, DGF in the mate kidney, cold ischemia time >15hrs, pulsatile perfusion were associated with increased risk of DGF. In the 31 patients that had DGF, recipient causes such as myocardial infarction, severe perioperative hypotension, cardiac arrhythmia, simultaneous heart transplant, vascular complications, rejection, and recurrence of disease accounted for 11 of the 31 (35%) patients with DGF.CONCLUSIONS: Rates of DGF in deceased donor kidney transplant at OHSU are lower than rates that are commonly reported. This may suggest that DGF rates may be modifiable through relatively simple interventions such as use of pulsatile perfusion or protocolled procurement. Recipient factors, especially cardiovascular hemodynamic status, may be responsible for DGF in about 3% of all transplants which may be represent an additional area for research and quality improvement.