ABSTRACT. Clonal eucalyptus plantings have increased in recent years; however, some clones with high production characteristics have vegetative propagation problems because of weak root and aerial development. Endophytic microorganisms live inside healthy plants without causing any damage to their hosts and can be beneficial, acting as plant growth promoters. We isolated endophytic bacteria from eucalyptus plants and evaluated their potential in plant growth promotion of clonal plantlets of Eucalyptus urophylla x E. grandis, known as the hybrid, E. urograndis. Eighteen isolates of E. urograndis, clone 4622, were tested for plant growth promotion using the same clone. These isolates were also evaluated for indole acetic acid production and their potential for nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization. The isolates were identified by partial sequencing of 16S rRNA. Bacillus subtilis was the most prevalent species. Several Bacillus species, including B. licheniformis and B. subtilis, were found for the first time as endophytes of eucalyptus. Bacillus sp strain EUCB 10 significantly increased the growth of the root and aerial parts of eucalyptus plantlets under greenhouse conditions, during the summer and winter seasons.
Os nematóides são encontrados em quase todos os ambientes do mundo; aproximadamente 10% são parasitas de plantas podendo causar danos em todas as partes vegetais, sendo as raízes seu alvo principal. Os prejuízos financeiros decorrentes da atividade destes parasitas nos diferentes cultivos foram estimados em cerca de R$ 400 milhões anuais. São conhecidas mais de 90 espécies do gênero Meloidogyne; no entanto, as que causam danos econômicos importantes são: M. incognita, M. javanica, M. arenaria e M. hapla. As bactérias com capacidade de causar doenças aos fitonematóides possuem diferentes modos de ação e podem ser encontradas no solo, nos tecidos das plantas hospedeiras e nos próprios nematóides. As principais bactérias estudadas para controle biológico dessa praga são aquelas da rizosfera com capacidade de invadir os tecidos internos das plantas, ou seja, endofíticas facultativas, como Bacillus spp. e Pseudomonas spp., além das bactérias parasitas obrigatórias de nematóides, como o gênero Pausteria. Essa revisão destaca as principais bactérias com potencial de controle de fitonematóides, como B. subtilis, B. firmus e B. thuringiensis as quais têm demonstrado grande eficiência no controle destes parasitas. Os estudos também destacam o potencial de bactérias do gênero Pseudomonas com efeito nematicida principalmente contra os nematóides formadores de galhas (Meloidogyne spp.). Dentre as bactérias parasitas, Pausteria penetrans possui grande potencial de aplicação no controle biológico de fitonematóides, especialmente quando utilizada em conjunto com práticas culturais. Palavras-chave: fitonematóides; fitopatógenos; controle biológico; endofíticos; Bacillus.
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Bacillus velezensis
strain BIB0110, a broad-range biocontrol agent isolated from cultivated eucalyptus in Brazil. The genome has a size of 4.19 Mbp, with a GC content of 45.87%, and it was assembled into 32 scaffolds.
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