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The paper presents the results of a phantom model study of the possibility of detecting tissue edema that occurs during acute and chronic inflammation, including lymphedema, using optical coherence tomography. Taking into account the fact that lymphedema is characterized by an increased content of intercellular fluid enriched with a high protein content, the phantom model was based on a change in the fluid content in muscle tissue. It is shown that the value of the Young's modulus of the phantom tissue monotonically decreases with an increase in the mass fraction of the liquid in it.