Fue un estudio retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo. Se calcularon los datos del equivalente esférico del ojo derecho de los pacientes examinados a partir de la refracción sin cicloplejia, determinada por medio de un autoqueratorrefractómetro durante la campaña de salud ocular que se llevó a cabo en el Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra de enero a marzo de 2018. Resultados: La frecuencia de miopía encontrada en los 449 sujetos analizados fue del 45.21%, tomando como punto de corte un equivalente esférico ≤ -0.50 dioptrías; de ellos, el 39.43% tuvieron miopía leve (> -6.00 dioptrías) y el 5.79% miopía alta (≤ -6.00 dioptrías de equivalente esférico). Por otra parte, solo 4 de los 449 pacientes examinados presentaron datos clínicos de miopía patológica, conformando el 0.8% de la muestra total. De los participantes restantes el 28.73% fueron clasificados como emétropes y el 26.05% como hipermétropes con un equivalente esférico ≥ 0.50 dioptrías. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de miopía encontrada en nuestro estudio es alta y se asemeja a la de reportes previos en población mexicana infantil y de adultos jóvenes, así como a la de algunas naciones asiáticas donde la miopía es un problema de salud pública.
LASIK provides good efficacy and safety in the management of moderate-to-high hyperopia (up to +6.5 D). The need for refractive enhancement or orthoptic visual rehabilitation needs to be discussed preoperatively.
Purpose: To estimate the frequency of myopia in an adult population in Mexico City. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study. The spherical equivalent of the right eye was calculated from the refraction without cycloplegia obtained with an auto kerato-refractometer in patients examined during an ophthalmic health campaign carried out at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra" from January to March 2018. Results: We found a frequency of myopia of 45.21% with a cut-off value of ≤ -0.5 diopters of spherical equivalent in the 449 participants. Of these, 39.43% had mild myopia > -6.00 diopters, and 5.79% had high myopia ≤ -6.00 diopters of spherical equivalent. On the other hand, only 4 of the 449 examined patients had clinical signs of pathological myopia, making up 0.8% of the total sample. Of the remaining participants, 28.73% were classified as emmetropic and 26.05% as hyperopic, with a spherical equivalent ≥ 0.50 diopters. Conclusions: The frequency of myopia observed in our study is high and similar to that informed in previous reports in Mexican children and young adults, just as in some nations in Asia where myopia is a public health problem.
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