Objetivo: Definir la presión arterial normal en el primer trimestre de la gestación según el desempeño para predecir preeclampsia. Método: Estudio de cohorte en embarazos de feto único, según el modelo de riesgos en competencia para preeclampsia. La presión arterial se midió de manera estandarizada entre las 11 y 14 semanas de gestación. Resultados: En 797 embarazos incluidos hubo 40 (5.0%, intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 3.6-6.4) partos con preeclampsia. Las presiones arteriales sistólica, diastólica y media fueron respectivamente de 101 ( 9), 68 (8) y 79 ( 8) mmHg en las embarazadas que no desarrollaron preeclampsia, frente a 109 (10), 75 (8) y 86 ( 8) mmHg en las que sí (p < 0.001, prueba t de Student). Las áreas bajo la curva fueron 0.707 (0.637-0.777), 0.728 (0.661-0.795) y 0.738 (0.673-0.803). A 3% de falsos positivos, los puntos de corte fueron 119, 83 y 94 mmHg con valores predictivos negativos del 95.6%. Conclusiones: Es factible definir normalidad para la presión arterial en el embarazo con base bioestadística y clínica.
Objective:The objective is to define normal blood pressure at first trimester of pregnancy by performance for pre-eclampsia prediction. Methods: A cohort study in singleton pregnancies, according to the competing risks model for pre-eclampsia. Blood pressure was measured according to a standardized method at 11-14 weeks' gestation. Results: Among 797 pregnancies included, there were 40 (5.0%, IC95 3.6; 6.4) deliveries with pre-eclampsia. The systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures were respectively of 101 ( 9), 68 (8), and 79 (8) mmHg in pregnant women who did not develop pre-eclampsia, against 109 (10), 75 (8), and 86 (8) in those who did (p < 0.001, t-test). The areas under the curves were 0.707 (0.637; 0.777), 0.728 (0.661; 0.795), and 0.738 (0.673; 0.803). At a 3% of false-positive rate, the cut-off points were 119, 83, and 94 mmHg with predictive values of negative of 95.6%. Conclusions: It is feasible to define the normal values for blood pressure in pregnancy on a biostatistic and clinical basis.
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