RESUMENLa leptospirosis es una zoonosis de amplia distribución con una variedad de reservorios, entre ellos muchas especies de mamíferos domésticos y silvestres. El conocimiento de las variables relacionadas con la adquisición de la infección en los animales tiene gran importancia para el diseño de políticas de control a nivel local. Los roedores se consideran el principal reservorio, pero los perros podrían tener una importancia epidemiológica similar debido a su estrecha asociación con el hombre (1, 2). Los perros pueden transmitir la leptospirosis por contacto directo (al hombre u otros animales) o por contaminación del ambiente (agua o suelo) (1, 3).En estudios serológicos realizados en distintos ambientes urbanos del continente americano, generalmente con perros vagabundos, se han hallado seroprevalencias de 18 a 63% (4-7). En Buenos Aires, estudios previos sobre leptospirosis canina han revelado prevalencias serológicas de 10 a 60% (8-11), siendo los serotipos canicola e icterohaemorrhagiae los detectados con mayor frecuencia.Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron estimar la seroprevalencia de leptospirosis en una población canina suburbana, así como determinar la reactividad frente a los distintos serotipos y analizar los factores epidemioló-gicos asociados con la seropositividad.
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS
Área de estudioEl estudio se llevó a cabo en San Nicolás, barrio ubicado en el munici-
A finding of vertical transmission of the DEN 3 virus in male specimens of
Aedes aegypti, collected in the 2009 fall-winter period, in
Puerto Iguazú city, Misiones, Argentina, using the RT-PCR technique in a 15-specimen
pool is reported. This result is analyzed within the context of the epidemiological
situation of Argentina's northeast border.
The threadworm, Strongyloides stercoralis, is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas. Data on the prevalence and distribution of infection with this parasite species is scarce in many critical regions. We conducted a seroprevalence study of S. stercoralis infection in 13 locations in the Gran Chaco and Yungas regions of Argentina and Bolivia during the period 2010–2016. A total of 2803 human serum samples were analyzed by ELISA-NIE which has a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 95%. Results showed that 551 (19.6%) of those samples were positive. The adjusted prevalence was 20.9%, (95% confidence interval (CI) 19.4–22.4%). The distribution of cases was similar between females and males with an increase of prevalence with age. The prevalence in the different locations ranged from 7.75% in Pampa del Indio to 44.55% in Santa Victoria Este in the triple border between Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay in the Chaco region. Our results show that S. stercoralis is highly prevalent in the Chaco and Yungas regions, which should prompt prospective surveys to confirm our findings and the design and deployment of control measures.
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