The trends of the input of an alternative type of fuel in the transport system of the European Union are analysed. Taking into account the measures of promoting liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) consumption in road transport, a bundle of specific variables was analysed to understand the consumers for making decision to use LPG in cars. It is revealed that the obtained models enable to evaluate the behaviour of consumers and conditioning transition to using an alternative type of fuel in transport industry. The proposed models were assessed conducting statistic and sensitivity analysis. The payoff of the additional equipment of the car was analysed considering the driven distance with an alternative type of fuel. The pay‐off analysis of supplementary equipment depending on the ratio of standard and alternative fuel prices is presented.

Trends of consumption of petroleum products in Lithuania are analyzed. It is shown that these trends during the transition period to the market economy are not stable. Therefore, methods and models of the comparative analysis are proposed for the statistical modelling trends of consumption of petroleum products, comparing the relative indicators of consumption of petroleum products in transition economy and in the European Community of 15 EU developed market countries. Long‐term forecasts of consumption of petroleum products in Lithuania for the perspective of 2010–2025 were calculated on the basis of perspective scenarios of statistical models. Forecasts of final consumption of petroleum products as well as automotive fuel demands are presented.

The renovation of multi-storey residential buildings reduces heat consumption intensity and decreases heat demand, which may have a harmful effect on a district heating supply system. The paper analyses the heat loss change in four district heating distribution networks (DHNs) of Kaunas at the various scenarios of buildings and DHN renovation stages. A bundle of genetic algorithm software package was used to carry out the districts’ distribution network hydraulic calculations in the case of building renovation without changing the hydrodynamic and network routes. The experimental data were used to calculate heat loss for old and new pipes. The computer data of networks used to summarise the cost of DHN then for the renovation of buildings as well as for renovation progress will go evenly with DHN refurbishment. Network optimization results were summarised by functional dependence. The comparison of the projects’ efficiency was analysed in the following cases: the diameters of pipes of DHN were not changed, new diameters of pipes were integrated partly after partial residential buildings renovation and after a complete renovation of residential building and optimisation of pipeline diameters. The efficiency of separate guidelines of the DHN refurbishment project was summarised by performing sensitivity analysis.

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Lietuvos energetikos institutas, Energetikos kompleksiniø tyrimø laboratorija, Breslaujos g. 3, LT-44403 Kaunas-35, Lietuva. El. paðtas: kuprys@mail.lei.lt Áteikta 2005 05 26; priimta 2005 09 28 Santrauka. Pateikti Lietuvos elektriniø perspektyviniai techniniai, ekonominiai ir ekologiniai parametrai. Analizuojamos perspektyvoje numatomø deginti naujø kuro rûðiø orimulsijos, asfalteno cheminës struktûros ir ekologinës charakteristikos. Apibendrintos jëgainëse deginamø tradiciniø (gamtiniø dujø, mazuto) ir naujø kuro rûðiø techninës, ekonominës ir ekologinës charakteristikos. Analizuojama ekologiniø mokesèiø ir iðoriniø sànaudø átaka elektros gamybos savikainai. Pateiktos energijos savikainos prognozës, atsiþvelgiant á ekologinius mokesèius.Raktaþodþiai: energijos gamybos charakteristikos, kuro deginimo ekologinës charakteristikos, energijos gamybos savikaina, iðorinës sànaudos.Abstract. The technical, economic and ecological perspective parameters of power plants in Lithuania are presented. The chemical structure and ecological characteristics of future types of fuel orimulsion and asfalten are analysed. The technical, economic and ecological characteristics of traditional (natural gas, heavy fuel oil) and new kinds of fuel are summarized. The influence of ecological taxes and external costs on power production cost is analysed. The predictions of power cost are presented considering ecological taxes.