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BackgroundSpinal myelitis is an infrequent manifestation of spinal cord infection. It is caused by the Schistosoma species, which are endemic in South America, part of the Middle East, and Africa.Case presentationWe report the case of a 13-year-old male adolescent complaining of progressive lower back pain and weakness of the lower extremities for 3 days. Initial magnetic resonance imaging revealed typical transverse myelitis. Subsequently, parasite serology showed a markedly elevated level of Schistosoma antibody titers, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis yielded normal results. Because of our presumptive diagnosis of neuroschistosomiasis, the patient was prescribed an empirical regimen of an anti-parasitic agent, after which his neurological deficit promptly subsided. The patient was followed for 1 year and showed a complete long-term resolution of symptoms.ConclusionsThis case highlights the increasing prevalence of neuroschistosomiasis in recent years, particularly in patients with a history of travel to endemic regions. Moreover, the study reports the clinicoradiological features of this enigmatic disorder. This rare occurrence potentiates further studies to address unanswered questions about neuroschistosomiasis.

We report a case of intracerebral cystic schwannoma in the temporal fossa manifested as a gradually worsening headache in a 49-years-old woman. Computed Tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a left temporal partly cystic, partly solid mass. The preoperative diagnosis was astrocytoma or glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), but microscopic examination of the mass showed the characteristic pattern with cellular Antony A component. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for S-100 protein. These findings are consistent with a schwannoma. Intracerebral schwannomas not related to cranial nerves are rare and most reported cases involved young patients.

Our case involved a 1-year-old female with multiple admissions for chest infections. Given her family history and high clinical suspicion, a diagnosis of Griscelli syndrome and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was made. Her work-up included a brain MRI, which revealed diffuse volume loss and corpus callosum hypogenesis associated with a diffuse simplified pattern of the sulci and gyri compatible with lissencephaly. We describe hypogenesis of the corpus callosum and lissencephaly for the first time in this syndrome.

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