Inverted papilloma is a benign but locally aggressive sino-nasal tumour. Although relatively uncommon, involvement of the frontal sinus by this tumour represents a significant surgical challenge. The objective of the study is to propose a scheme for management of inverted papilloma involving the frontal sinus, based upon the findings of the current study. All cases of inverted papilloma operated upon between July 1995 and June 2008 were retrospectively reviewed to identify cases in which the tumour involved the frontal sinus. Among 34 patients with inverted papilloma, 4 were found to have tumours involving the frontal sinus (11.76%). These patients were initially treated by endonasal endoscopic resection. At time of initial surgical excision, the tumour was found to involve the frontal sinus by expansion from the ethmoids in three of these patients. In the fourth patient, the tumour was found to be massively involving the frontal sinus mucosa. After a mean follow-up of 16.3 months, no recurrences were detected in the first three patients. In the patient with massive mucosal involvement, recurrence was detected 4 years after the initial endonasal endoscopic resection. Subsequently, an osteoplastic flap was performed to resect the tumour. Fifty months later the patient remained disease free. Surgeons managing patients with frontal sinus inverted papilloma should have a clear management scheme before embarking on surgery. The patient's consent should be obtained pre-operatively for a possible osteoplastic flap. Tumours just expanding into the frontal sinus can be managed by either endoscopic or nonendoscopic approaches. On the other hand, in tumours significantly involving the frontal sinus mucosa, an osteoplastic flap is warranted to ensure complete tumour resection.

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Ischemic heart injury causes permanent cardiomyocyte loss and fibrosis impairing cardiac function. Tissue derived biomaterials have shown promise as an injectable treatment for the post-ischemic heart. Specifically, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is a protein rich suspension that forms a therapeutic hydrogel once injected and improves the heart post-injury response in rodents and pig models. Current dECM-derived biomaterials are delivered to the heart as a liquid dECM hydrogel precursor or colloidal suspension, which gels over several minutes. To increase the functionality of the dECM therapy, an injectable solid dECM microparticle formulation derived from heart tissue to control sizing and extend stability in aqueous conditions is developed. When delivered into the infarcted mouse heart, these dECM microparticles protect cardiac function promote vessel density and reduce left ventricular remodeling by sustained delivery of biomolecules. Longer retention, higher stiffness, and slower protein release of dECM microparticles are noted compared to liquid dECM hydrogel precursor. In addition, the dECM microparticle can be developed as a platform for macromolecule delivery. Together, the results suggest that dECM microparticles can be developed as a modular therapy for heart injury.

Personalized medicine offers the promise of tailoring therapy to patients, based on their cellular biomarkers. To achieve this goal, cellular profiling systems are needed that can quickly and efficiently isolate specific cell types without disrupting cellular biomarkers. Here we describe the development of a unique platform that facilitates gentle cell capture via a secondary, surface-anchoring moiety, and cell release. The cellular capture system consists of a glass surface functionalized with APTES, d-desthiobiotin, and streptavidin. Biotinylated mCD11b and hIgG antibodies are used to capture mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) and human breast cancer (MCF7-GFP) cell lines, respectively. The surface functionalization is optimized by altering assay components, such as streptavidin, d-desthiobiotin, and APTES, to achieve cell capture on 80% of the functionalized surface and cell release upon biotin treatment. We also demonstrate an ability to capture 50% of target cells within a dual-cell mixture. This engineering advancement is a critical step towards achieving cell isolation platforms for personalized medicine.