Abstract-The technologies evolution has made possible the emergence of new types of machines which allow their users to full move on different networks. In the same context, the arrival of Mobile IPv6 allows a mobile node to maintain a continuous connectivity. Handover management is one of its most critical processes. L3 handover is the most important because a major proportion of the total handover latency occurs in this stage. In this paper, we have proposed a new algorithm called FURA (Fast Unsolicited Router Advertisement) to optimize the L3 handover delay. Our algorithm is going to minimize the L3 handover delay by optimizing Router Advertisement interval and avoiding Duplicate Address Detection process. Overall, this algorithm showed a significant effectiveness and might be used in a future networks investigations.Keywords-Mobile IPv6;handover delay;CoA;Home Agent. I.

Recent wireless communication standards such as 3GPP-LTE, WiMax, DVB-SH, HSPA and LTE / LTE advanced incorporate turbo code for their excellent performance. In this paper, we present a new 3 dimensional turbo decoder including bit error rate (BER) is much better than the 2 dimensional turbo decoder used by LTE / LTE advanced, as is illustrated by simulation. We also address the issue of the implementation of the 3 dimensional turbo decoder on FPGA using the environment QUARTUS II. In this work, we also present the implementation on FPGA of 3 dimensional Turbo encoder using two interleavers QPP (Quadratic Permutation Polynomial) and ARP (Almost Regular Rotation). In decoding scheme, the core of the iterative decoding structure is a soft-input soft-output (SISO) decoder. The MAP algorithm, which is used for SISO decoders, embodies complex mathematical operations such as division, exponential and logarithm calculations. Therefore, MAP algorithm was avoided and the sub-optimal derivatives of this algorithm such as Log-MAP and Max-Log-MAP were preferred for turbo decoder implementations.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) nodes are generally have simple hardware design that can be classified as inflexible, support one or more applications, and inexpensive. These nodes are designed and programmed before their release on the application field and will stay on the field to support the need of the target application.Although the existing wireless sensor nodes are designed to support remote software modifications, they are, however, are not supporting remote hardware modifications. Using wireless sensor nodes that can support remote nodes' modification capability for both hardware and software will provide WSNs with flexible infrastructures that can support nodes with over-the-air design modification even after the deployment of WSNs on the sensing field.In this paper, we are presenting the design concept and challenges of such infrastructure. Also, we present the use of such flexible infrastructure in potential WSNs applications.