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Background/aim: To investigate the reliability of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in thyroid nodules and benign/malignant discrimination, particularly in large nodules. Materials and methods:A retrospective analysis of 1466 nodules in 402 patients with thyroid nodules who underwent thyroid surgery was made. The pathologic results of the thyroid nodules from preoperative FNAB and postoperative surgical pathology results were compared.Results: FNAB was found to be in accordance with the postoperative pathologic results. A concordance between the FNAB and postoperative pathologic results, particularly in nodules less than 3 cm in size, was detected. However, a similar finding was not detected in nodules larger than 3 cm in size. The rates, calculated without taking into consideration the nodule dimensions, were found to be: sensitivity, 47.65%; specificity, 93.98%; false-negative, 52.35%; and false-positive 6.02% Conclusion:In our experience, the false-negative rate of FNAB in nodules larger than 3 cm was high. Therefore, we have concluded that in the event of malignant FNAB, this rate is significant; however, in the event of benign FNAB, it should not be trusted too much.

An interesting and rare differential diagnosis for a retroperitoneal cystic mass is cystic lymphangioma. A case of a patient presenting with a multicystic mass in the retroperitoneum that was identified as a cystic lymphangioma is reported. These tumours are commonly confused with other cystic masses in the retroperitoneum.

Aims: Gallbladder polyps often have a benign nature. Current guidelines suggest surgical removal of polyps greater than 10 mm. However, the accuracy of the size criteria is limited because neoplasia can be found in gallbladder polyps less than 10 mm. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of real time elastography for gallbladder polyps and to demonstrate the elasticity properties of the polyps. Material and method: Fifty-three polypoid lesions of the gallbladder were prospectively examined with real-time elastography. Of these patients, 52 had a diagnosis of benign gallbladder polyps and one patient was accepted as a gallbladder carcinoma due to its clinical and radiological findings. B-mode and real-time elastographic images were simultaneously presented as a two-panel image, and the elastogram was displayed in a color scale that ranged from red (greatest strain, softest component), to green (average strain, intermediate component), to blue (no strain, hardest component). Results: The mean size for benign gallbladder polyps was 7.2 ± 3 mm (range, 5-21 mm). All benign gallbladder polyps on consecutive real-time elastographic images appeared as having a high-strain elastographic pattern. Only one patient who was accepted with gallbladder carcinoma had a gallbladder polyp with low elasticity properties. Conclusions: Our study showed that real time elastography of gallbladder polyps is feasible. This novel approach may be useful for the characterization of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder.