BackgroundThe health of an individual is known to vary in different countries, in the same country at different times, and in the same individuals at different ages. This means that the condition of individuals must be related to or compared with reference data. Determination of a reference range for the healthy term newborn is clinically important in terms of various complete blood count parameters. The purpose of this study was to establish a local reference range for full blood count parameters in neonatal cord plasma in Hilla, Babil, Iraq.MethodsA total of 220 mothers and their neonates were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from February 2011 to January 2012. Maternal inclusion criteria were age 15–45 years, an uneventful pregnancy, and hemoglobin ≥ 10 g. Neonatal inclusion criteria were full term (37–42 weeks) and normal birth weight. The umbilical cord was immediately clamped after delivery of the baby; 3 mL of cord blood was then taken from the umbilical vein and collected in a tube containing ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, its plasma was analyzed for full blood count parameters by standard Coulter gram, and the differential leukocyte count was done manually.ResultsMean neonatal hemoglobin was 13.88 ± 1.34 (range 11–17.3) g/dL and mean white cell count was 10.12 ± 2.8 (range 3.1–21.6) × 109/L. Mean platelet count was 267.63 ± 60.62 (range 152–472) × 109/L. No significant differences in red cell, white cell, or platelet counts were found between males and females, except for neutrophil count. The current study shows lower levels of hemoglobin, white cells, and red cells compared with other studies, and there is agreement with some studies and disagreement with others concerning platelet count.ConclusionMost results in the current study were within the reference range. The hematological reference values for Iraqi neonatal cord plasma need to be confirmed by larger numbers of blood samples and by collecting samples from different areas in Iraq.

In this work, the effect of different viscosities of an oil in magnetic abrasive finishing process (MAF) is analysed. The material specifically chosen for experimentation is Brass alloy (CuZn). The surface of the Brass alloy in this study was exposed to different tests during which key parameters were altered. In order to keep the objectives of this study aligned the list of parameters was limited to six. The six parameters were: Viscosity;Quantity of the powder (doze);Distance between pole and the work piece;Pole diameter;Pole rotational speed and Current. The choice of parameters was based on the Taguchi orthogonal array (OA), with three levels of variance for each parameter. To determine the signal to noise ratio (S/N) and to obtain the optimum condition of micro hardness, Hv, the statistical software (MINITAB 17) was used. The experimentation was repeated with and without oil to identify the significant parameters affecting the micro hardness level (Hv).

In Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF) process the cutting temperature is generated from two sources, from the electromagnetic flux (electrical heat), and from magnetic abrasive brush due to the friction force (mechanical heat). The cutting temperature has significant effects upon the condition of the surface, whereas it is less studied than the other parameters. In this study, an attempt has been made to simulate and investigate the influence of cutting parameters on the cutting temperature, to improve the thermal effect by MAF process. The aims of this study was to determine the distribution of the cutting temperature in the working gap, numerically and experimentally, then compared the results. In addition, to determine the most influence parameters affecting on the cutting temperature for Brass alloy CuZn28. Two dimensional Finite Element Models (FEM) with two software’s were developed to predict the temperature by dynamic electric and magnetic field, the first was DEFORM 10.2 used to calculate the mechanical heat and the second was COMSOL5.2 used to calculate the electrical heat. Sixteen tests designed according to Taguchi matrix through the orthogonal array (OA) L16 (). There are four various parameters that, have a large impact on cutting temperature, with four levels (rotational speed (A), working time (B), current (C), and working gap (D)). The analysis of the variance (ANOVA) technique was utilized to analysis the results, by using the statistical software (MINITAB-17). From the results, it is concluded that the Numerical modeling gives a very good comparison with the values of experimental tests. The maximum difference between the numerical and experimental temperature for brass CuZn28 is less than (9%).

The traditional finishing method cannot keep up with recent labor market requirements, solve the problem of increasing production, improve the surface roughness and accuracy of workpiece. While the unconventional magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) method has shown as a promising technique that can be used to finish complicated surfaces. MAF finishes metals, alloy, ceramic, and other materials that are difficult to finish by other processes. In another word, MAF improves the quality of surfaces with low cost. This paper focuses on optimize and study the effect of inductor and pole geometry (radius of hole, angle of core, angle of pole, radius of pole), on (surface roughness (Ra) and material removal weight (W)) and fined the optimum values that increase the efficiency of MAF method. Taguchi method employed to study the influence of geometry parameters and find the optimum values using orthogonal array L9. The results conclude that the most significant factor that effects change in surface roughness (ΔRa) and material removal weight(ΔW) are radius of the hole (R) and angle of core (α), respectively.

Hot-wire cutting is one of the important, non-traditional thermomechanical way to cut polymer, usually expanded foam and extruded foam, in low volume manufacturing. The study and analysis of Hot-Wire cutting parameters play an important role to enhance the quality and accuracy of the process and products. The effects on the surface have been investigated by using experimental tests designed according to the Taguchi orthogonal array (OA). In this study, four parameters with five levels for each parameter have been used: [temperature of wire (A) (100, 120, 130, 150, 160) °C], [diameter of wire (B) (0.3,0.4,0.5,0.7,0.8) mm], [velocity of cutting (C) (200, 300,400,500,600) mm/min], [and density of foam (D) (0.01,0.027,0.029,0.032,0.037) g/cm3]. Statistical software (MINITAB17) used to find the optimum conditions, which they are in Material Removal: 100 ˚C, 0.5 mm, 300mm/min, 0.032 g/cm3.