The coronavirus disease 2019 , caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), represents the pandemic of the century, with approximately 3.5 million cases and 250,000 deaths worldwide as of May 2020. Although respiratory symptoms usually dominate the clinical presentation, COVID-19 is now known to also have potentially serious cardiovascular consequences, including myocardial injury, myocarditis, acute coronary syndromes, pulmonary embolism, stroke, arrhythmias, heart failure, and cardiogenic shock. The cardiac manifestations of COVID-19 might be related R ESUM ELa maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), caus ee par le SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronarivus-2 pour coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire aigu s evère 2), est la pand emie du siècle; en mai 2020, on d enombrait quelque 3,5 millions de cas et 250 000 d ecès dans le monde. Bien que les symptômes respiratoires dominent g en eralement le tableau clinique, on sait maintenant que la COVID-19 peut aussi avoir de graves cons equences sur le plan cardiovasculaire, par exemple des l esions myocardiques, des myocardites, des syndromes coronariens aigus, des embolies pulmonaires, des accidentsThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 1 which infected 3,524,429 patients and was linked to 247,838 deaths worldwide as of May 4, 2020. 2 SARS-CoV-2 infection is triggered by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), which is highly expressed in the nasopharynx and lungs, as well as in the cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. 3 Although respiratory symptoms usually dominate the clinical presentation of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 infection might also be responsible for a variety of potentially severe cardiovascular manifestations, particularly in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. 4-6 Indeed, subjects with cardiovascular diseases do suffer worse outcomes when infected with SARS-CoV-2. 5 Moreover, COVID-19 could
Objectives: To investigate the clinical profiles and outcomes of young adults presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, registry between January 2016 and November 2017 for all patients younger than 45 years old who were admitted with STEMI. We compared this study population to a control group of patients aged 45 years and older who were enrolled in the same period. Results: In total, 402 patients were enrolled; 197 were younger than 45 years. The incidence of newly diagnosed dyslipidemia was higher in younger patients (44% vs. 32%, p =0.01). Smoking was significantly more prevalent in the younger group (52% vs. 35%, p =0.001). The prevalence of pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock on presentation was significantly higher in the older group (3% vs. 10; odds ratio, 4.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.750-10.94; p =0.002). Hospital stay was also longer in the older group (4±2 vs. 5±2 days, p =0.03). Conclusion: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in young patients has a favorable outcome. Smoking and dyslipidemia are the main risk factors for STEMI in young individuals. The majority of young patients with dyslipidemia were not aware of their pre-existing condition. Our findings recommend local adaptation and implementation of screening programs for dyslipidemia in the young and the reinforcement of smoking prevention programs.
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