In order to understand if a physician prescribed medical information changes, the number of hospital readmission, and death among the heart failure patients. A 12-month randomized controlled trial was conducted (December 2013–2014). Totally, 120 patients were randomly allocated into two groups of intervention ( n = 60) and control ( n = 60). Accordingly, the control group was given the routine oral information by the nurse or physician, and the intervention group received the Information Prescription (IP) prescribed by the physician as well as the routine oral information. The data was collected via telephone interviews with the follow-up intervals of 6 and 12 months, and also for 1 year after the discharge. The patients with the median age of (IQR) 69.5 years old (19.8) death upon adjusting a Cox survival model, [RR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.46–0.97]. Few patients died during 1 year in the intervention group compared to the controls (7 vs 15) [RR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.20–1.06]. During a period of 6-month follow-up there was not statistically significant on death and readmission between two groups. Physician prescribed information was clinically and statistically effective on the reduction of death and hospital readmission rates among the HF patients in long term follow-up.

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Ab s t r a c tPurpose: To begin to manage a serious health problem like AIDS, it is crucial that we know the size of the subpopulation related to the problem. In this study we used Network scale-up method (NSUM), an indirect method of size estimation of hard-to-reach subpopulation, to estimate most-at-risk population (MARPs) of Tabriz. Methods:Having adapted a purposive sampling, we interviewed 500 people of target population. To estimate the size of social network (C), we used known population method through collecting data of 29 known sub-groups. To estimate most-at-risk populations, we applied frequency approach of NSUM. Adjustments were done to correct common errors of this method. Results:Among groups at risk due to sexual contact, the greatest frequency was related to clients of female sex workers (CFSWs) with 831 out of 100000 of men's population (95% CI: 649, 1055), then female sex workers (FSWs) with 709 out of 100000 of women's population (95% CI: 512, 930). Among groups at risk due to drug use, the biggest frequency belonged to alcoholic substance users with 1136 out of 100000 of total population (95% CI: 955, 1332). After that, it included opium users, crystal users and injecting drug users (IDUs), respectively. Conclusion:Although the estimated number of MARPs in Tabriz is less than other areas, it is necessary to perform preventive programs like harm reduction programs to reduce transmission of AIDS.

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Background: Traffic accidents are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. They are currently estimated to be the ninth leading cause of death across all age-groups globally and are predicted to become the seventh leading cause of death by 2030. Road traffic crashes are a leading cause of death among young people, and the main cause among those aged 15-29 years worldwide. The number of road traffic deaths continues to rise steadily, reaching 1.35 million in 2016, from 1.15 million in 2000. The purpose of the present study is to investigate epidemiologic pattern, and trend of deaths due to accidents in East Azerbaijan province, Iran, from 2012 to 2016, in order to identify its effective determinants to conduct prevention programs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using mortality data of province health center from 2012 to 2016. The data of deaths due to traffic accidents were analyzed using descriptive statistics by means of Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS 16. Results: A number of 4529 deaths due to traffic accidents occurred during five years of the study period, which were 4.95% of total deaths of all causes, and the third leading cause of mortality. Of all accident deaths, 79.5% were male and 69.7% took place in urban residents. Most accidents occurred in the summer (30.1%), and in August (10.9%).