This paper presents a quantitative assessment framework of the Water, Energy and Food (W-E-F) nexus. The proposed approach allows integrated quantitative assessments by considering all the W-E-F intersectoral linkages and the competing demand for W-E-F resources to evaluate future development scenarios. Firstly, the conceptual model adopted for the proposed framework is presented. Secondly, a detailed methodological framework is introduced to serve as W-E-F nexus evaluation and planning platform. At the practical level, the model is applied to evaluate the W-E-F nexus in Lebanon. Finally, the conclusions and further developments are presented.

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This paper presents the evaluation of the proportion of the population connected to safely managed wastewater collection systems (PW) based on the proportion of population connected to wastewater collection systems and additional specific indicators that can properly inform on the extent of environmental risks associated with the disposal of wastewater. A safely managed wastewater factor (SF) is proposed to take into consideration the environmental risks when evaluating PW. At the practical level, results of evaluation of the proposed PW and SF indicators in Lebanon are then presented and discussed. Finally, the conclusion and further developments are presented.