Membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the various glomerular diseases causing nephrotic syndrome, also referred to as membranous glomerulopathy. It can be diagnosed at any age in general, and males are more often affected than females (with the sex ratio being 2–3:1). Membranous nephropathy is a relatively rare disease in adults (approximately half of all cases are common in older White adults). Statistical analysis shows that 80% of patients with MN have high creatinine level, dyslipidemia, hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria more than (3.5 g/day), and fluid retention (edema), while 20% with asymptomatic with non-nephrotic levels of proteinuria (< 3.5 gram/day) involves the reaction of an inflammatory process in the basement membrane. It can be distinguished from nephritic syndromes by the absence of active sediments, hematuria, and red cell casts in urine microscopy. The two main causes of nephrotic range proteinuria are the loss of the anionic charge barrier in the membrane and podocyte destruction, which results in albuminuria. The field has advanced greatly and quickly over the past 10 years thanks to the development of cutting-edge instruments for disease diagnosis, classification, monitoring, and treatment. This core curriculum aims to serve as both a broad guide for the clinical management of disease and an overview of recent developments in the field. In the review, we critically summarized different diagnosis biomarker therapies used for the treatment of MN patients in Iraq. These groundbreaking discoveries were swiftly applied to clinical diagnosis and management. The diagnosis and treatment monitoring processes benefited significantly from significant advancements in detection techniques.