Background Despite progress in surgical techniques, 1% to 2% of joint arthroplasties become complicated by infection. Coating implant surfaces with antimicrobial agents have been attempted to prevent initial bacterial adhesion to implants with varying success rates. We developed a silver ion-containing calcium phosphate-based ceramic nanopowder coating to provide antibacterial activity for orthopaedic implants. Questions/purposes We asked whether titanium prostheses coated with this nanopowder would show resistance to bacterial colonization as compared with uncoated prostheses. Methods We inserted titanium implants (uncoated [n = 9], hydroxyapatite-coated [n = 9], silver-coated [n = 9]) simulating knee prostheses into 27 rabbits' knees. Before implantation, 5 9 10 2 colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus were inoculated into the femoral canal. Radiology, microbiology, and histology findings were quantified at Week 6 to define the infection, microbiologically by increased rate of implant colonization/ positive cultures, histologically by leukocyte infiltration, necrosis, foreign-body granuloma, and devitalized bone, and radiographically by periosteal reaction, osteolysis, or sequestrum formation. Results Swab samples taken from medullary canals and implants revealed a lower proportion of positive culture in silver-coated implants (one of nine) than in uncoated (eight of nine) or hydroxyapatite-coated (five of nine) implants.

Level IV, therapeutic study.

Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial, Level II.

Bilateral anterior shoulder dislocations are rarely seen and usually occur due to the same mechanism arising from traumatic injuries. In here, we discussed three cases of traumatic bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation , one had an additional patella fracture, and the other one had bilateral tuberculum majus fracture. All of the patients were female and our first case that presented here was 65-year-old and given a closed reduction for isolated bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation that occurred as a result of falling due to an epileptic seizure. The second patient was 70-year-old and had bilateral shoulder dislocation and patella fracture (right leg) after of falling down the stairs due to syncope. Closed reduction was applied to the bilateral shoulder dislocation. Patella fracture on the right leg was fixated using open reduction internal fixation method. The third patient, who was 57-year-old, fell down from the stairs and had bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation accompanied by bilateral tuberculum majus fracture, and she was given closed reduction. For all three of the cases, Hippocrates method was used as the closed reduction method.Eur Res J 2016;2(1):80-84

Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the functional outcomes together with the clinical and radiological findings obtained from the treatment of adult capitellar fractures through open reduction and internal fixation. Methods. Patients who applied our clinic between 2008 and 2013 with a mean age of 37.5 (range: 17-77) were treated surgically. A total of 11 patients, seven male, and four female, were included in the study. In the study, fracture types of the patients were determined according to McKee modification of the Bryan and Morrey classification. After the operation, patients were followed for an average 26 (15-63) months. In the radiological and clinical evaluations, carrying angle of the operated elbow was compared with the carrying angle values of the healthy elbow. Clinical assessment was made of the Mayo Elbow Performance Index (MEPI). Results. Patients were clinically assessed according to the MEPI scoring over 100 points. It was seen that five patients got 100 points (excellent) while 6 got 85 points (good). No significant difference was observed between fracture types regarding elbow flexion. Type III fractures were found to be significantly more limited than type I and type IV fractures regarding elbow extension degrees (p=0.040). Conclusions. This study yielded inferences that we considered important. Degenerative changes observed in type III fractures only show that this fracture type poses the risk of osteoarthritis development The fact that heterotopic ossification ossification causes movement restriction affect clinical findings adversely. We believe that degenerative arthritis would decrease, joint range could be maintained better, and functional results will be better by avoiding challenging passive exercise and suggesting active practice instead.Eur Res J 2016;2(1):23-29