This study is aimed at building the relationship between advertisement effectiveness and behavioral brand loyalty by investigating the mediating impact of self-brand connection. The Islamic banking sector has been selected for this study in which, top 3 full-fledged Islamic banks and top 3 banks with Islamic banking branches in Pakistan have been selected through convenient sampling,. It is a time-lagged study and data were collected through reliable and valid questionnaires for T1, T2, and T3, respectively across Pakistan from Islamic Banking Branches (IBBs). The respondents were the costumers using the services of IBBs. The results show that advertisement effectiveness and self-brand connection have a strong positive relationship with the behavioral brand loyalty. Results also indicate that the self-brand connection mediates the relationship between advertisement effectiveness and behavioral brand loyalty. Thus, it indicates that self-brand connection is an important factor that can enable the consumers to evaluate the corporation's products or services by the expression of behavioral brand loyalty and distinguish them from those offered by the competitors. In addition, a number of implications with regard to theory and managerial practice have been suggested.

Due to the rapid advancements in digital innovations and technological evolution, the world today has witnessed a drastic upsurge in digital espousal by the masses and tech geeks alike. Advertising agencies and brand managers across the globe have been frantically finding ways to explore prospective markets and retain existing customers. Studies on brand management show that the image and trust of a brand are manifested through various deterministic variables which vary and change over time. This research thus focuses on the investigation of the effect of such pervasive determinants including Advertising Effectiveness, WOM and Brand Image on Brand Trust. The study concentrates its enquiry on brand trust elements related to organizations providing services in the telecommunications sector of Pakistan. For this purpose, data in the form of survey responses were collected through questionnaires with the help of convenient sampling. The respondents were customers using different telecommunications networks in Pakistan. From the results, it has been observed that Advertising Effectiveness, WOM and Brand Image have a strong impact on developing and maintaining Brand Trust. The research validates the impact of study variables in developing trust in a brand. Moreover, managerial implications and directions for future research have been proposed at the end of the study.

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Counter-productive behaviour is believed to be having a significant impact on organizational performance. This study aimed find how interpersonal aggression, presentism, and perceived organizational politics impact employees’ counter-productive behaviour in an organization. Using quantitative survey method, the data was collected via Google docs having 5 points likert scale from employees currently serving in the armed forces universities in the federal territory, Islamabad. Regression statistical technique was employed to test the hypothesis whether the chosen variables affected the employees’ counter-productive behaviour in the selected universities. The results showed that interpersonal aggression, presentism, and perceived organizational politics do not have impact on the counter-productive behaviour of employees in the armed forces universities. The study indicates the presence of lesser counterproductive behaviour in armed forces universities of Pakistan. Non-armed forces universities in Pakistan are recommended to adopt a unique style of management armed forces universities to liberate the counterproductive behaviour of employees.

The present study relates to the impact of capital structure on profitability and the study is focused on the fertilizer sector of Pakistan. The objective of this study is to examine whether the debt financing and equity financing used for financing operations have any impact on a company’s profitability in the fertilizer sector of Pakistan.Data of four large companies from the fertilizer sector of Pakistan representing about 89 percent of the market share is used for analysis. Data is collected from published Annual reports of these four companies. Data for eight years from 2002 to 2009 is used for analysis. SPSS is used for analyzing the data and linear regression is applied to generate the results. Regression analysis is used to analyze the relationship between capital structure and the profitability of a company. The output of regression analysis is created in the form of a scatter diagram and tables to interpret the results of the regression.Results suggest that there is no significant relationship between capital structure and profitability of a company in the fertilizer sector of Pakistan.  Results also show a significant relationship between current liabilities and the profitability of the company in the fertilizer sector of Pakistan. JEL Classification Code: E22, G32, M49